@book {358, title = {Landslides: Investigation and Mitigation}, series = {Special Report}, number = {247}, year = {1996}, pages = {673}, publisher = {The National Academies}, organization = {The National Academies}, abstract = {TRB Special Report 247 - Landslides: Investigation and Mitigation contains comprehensive, practical discussions of field investigations, laboratory testing, and stability analysis procedures and technologies; comprehensive references to the literature; and discussions of case studies, state-of-the-art techniques, and research directions.}, keywords = {$\#$Hazards, $\#$Landslides, highway, Irene, landslides}, issn = {0-309-06208-X}, url = {https://www.mytrb.org/Store/Product.aspx?ID=5300}, author = {Transportation Research Safety Board} } @proceedings {306, title = {Landslides from Tropical Storm Irene in the Deerfield Watershed, western Massachusetts}, volume = {45}, year = {2013}, note = {Accession Number: 2014-027064; Conference Name: Geological Society of America, Northeastern Section, 48th annual meeting; Bretton Woods, NH, United States; Conference Date: 20130318; Language: English; Coordinates: N411500N425500W0695500W0733000; Coden: GAAPBC; Collation: 2; Collation: 83-84; Publication Types: Abstract Only; Serial; Conference document; Updated Code: 201417; Monograph Title: Geological Society of America, Northeastern Section, 48th annual meeting; Monograph Author(s): Anonymous; Reviewed Item: Analytic}, month = {2013/02/01/}, pages = {83 - 84}, publisher = {Geological Society of America (GSA) : Boulder, CO, United States}, address = {United States}, abstract = {Four landslides (3 translational debris flows and 1 rotational slide) occurred along the Cold River within the Deerfield River watershed (1440 km (super 2) ) in northwestern Massachusetts closing a six mile section of Route 2, a major east-west transportation corridor, for 3.5 months. These are among the largest landslides to occur in Massachusetts since 1901. Tropical storm Irene dropped 180-250+ mm of rain in a 12 to 15-hour period on the Deerfield watershed preceded by 130-180 mm of rain in the 1.5 weeks leading up to Irene. Soils were saturated, an unusual condition for the month of August, and probably contributed significantly to slope failure. The three translational slides occurred at approximately 10 am on August 28, 2011, involved 765 m of slope at an average angle of 28-33 degrees , covered an area of 1.2 ha and moved about 7645 m (super 3) of material. Bedrock sheeting joints oriented parallel to the slope (284 degrees , 38-40 degrees dip) provided the slip surface upon which the overlying 0.6-1.2 m of colluvium and glacial till slid. The rotational slide occurred along an unarmored section of the Cold River. The slip surface was a 4-8 foot thick layer of laminated lake-bottom sediments overlain by 12-19 feet of stream terrace and debris flow/alluvial fan deposits transported by Trout Brook, a smaller tributary to the Cold River. This section of Route 2 has experienced chronic failures beginning with the storm of 1938. The cost to repair this six-mile section of Route 2 was $22.5 million. Flooding within the Deerfield watershed was extreme with a record-breaking peak flow of 3100 m (super 3) /s (72 year record) where the Deerfield enters the Connecticut River. Approximately 1.6x10 (super 8) m (super 3) of water was discharged through the Deerfield during the event indicating that approximately 112 mm of Irene{\textquoteright}s rainfall was converted directly to runoff, a yield of between 45\% and 62\%. Clays and silts locked in storage in the glacial sediments within the watershed were mobilized resulting in record-breaking sediment loads 5-times greater than predicted from the pre-existing rating curve. Approximately 1.2 Mtonnes of sediment was discharged by the river during Irene. Where the Deerfield and Connecticut Rivers meet, the Deerfield watershed area is one tenth the size of the Connecticut River, yet the Deerfield produced as much as 40\% of the total sediment observed on the lower Connecticut.}, keywords = {$\#$Landslides, $\#$NaturalHazards, $\#$StaffPubs, Cold River, Deerfield Watershed, effects, Environmental geology, geologic hazards, Irene, landslide, landslides, mass movements, massachusetts, natural hazards, storms, Tropical Storm Irene, United States, western Massachusetts}, isbn = {00167592}, url = {https://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2013NE/webprogram/Paper215998.html}, author = {Stephen B Mabee and Jonathan D Woodruff and Fellows, John and Joseph P Kopera} } @Map {350, title = {Slope Stability Map of Massachusetts}, year = {2013}, publisher = {Massachusetts Geological Survey}, edition = {13-01}, abstract = {The purpose of this project is to prepare an updated map of potential landslide hazards for the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. The intent is to provide the public, local government and local and state emergency management agencies with a map showing the location of areas where slope movements have occurred or may possibly occur in the future under the right conditions of prolonged antecedent moisture and high intensity rainfall. It is hoped that this information will be included in the Statewide Hazard Mitigation Plan upon its next update. It is also anticipated that MassDOT and municipalities will find this information useful in planning upgrades and improvements to culverts and drainage along roadways in the future. Three slope stability maps are provided at a scale of 1:125,000. Each sheet is 48 inches by 36 inches when printed. Sheet 1 covers western Massachusetts, Sheet 2, northeastern Massachusetts including the Boston area, and Sheet 3 covers southeastern Massachusetts, Cape Cod and the Islands. Data are also available as ESRI ArcGIS data files.}, keywords = {$\#$Hazards, $\#$Landslides, $\#$MGSPub, $\#$MGSPubs, $\#$NaturalHazards, Holocene, infinite slope model, Irene, landslide, rockslide, slope, slope failure, stability, steep, steepness, surficial}, author = {Stephen B Mabee and Duncan, C.} } @article {349, title = {Geomorphic effects of Tropical Storm Irene on western Massachusetts: Landslides and fluvial erosion along the Deerfield and Cold rivers, Charlemont and Savoy, MA}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Massachusetts Geological Survey}, abstract = {A poster summarizing the effects of 2011 Tropical Storm Irene in western MA.}, keywords = {$\#$Landslides, $\#$MGSPub, $\#$MGSPubs, $\#$NaturalHazards, $\#$Reports, $\#$Water, 2011, Charlemont, Cold River, Deerfield River, fluvial, fluvial erosion, hurricane irene, Irene, landslide, landslides, route 2, Rt 2, Savoy, tropical storm}, url = {http://www.geo.umass.edu/stategeologist/Products/reports/Landslide2_web.pdf}, author = {Stephen B Mabee} } @techreport {254, title = {Preliminary field report on the November 13th-14th, 2011 landslide near Steam Mill Road, Deerfield, Massachusetts}, year = {2011}, pages = {19}, institution = {Massachusetts Geological Survey}, abstract = {On November 13th and 14th, 2011, residents and business owners in the area of Wapping Road in Deerfield, Massachusetts, began to notice light-gray, clay-rich mud appearing in the streams and wetlands east of State Route 5/10. The mud quickly clogged culverts under Wapping Road, Route 5/10, and the Pan Am Southern Railway tracks, partially filled in wetlands on both sides of Route 5/10, and partially filled in drainage ditches upgradient of these wetlands. This resulted in localized flooding of property along the east side of Route 5/10. Prepared for the Deerfield Board of Selectman and Board of Public Health 19 pages. A NEPR radio interview with Joe Kopera about the landslide can be found at http://nepr.net/news/2011/12/02/fallout-2011s-extreme-weather-landslides-ice-jams/.}, keywords = {$\#$Deerfield, $\#$Landslides, $\#$MGSPub, $\#$NaturalHazards, $\#$Reports, flooding, hazards, Irene, landslide, mudslide, natural hazards, swamp}, url = {http://www.geo.umass.edu/stategeologist/Products/reports/Deerfield_LS_Report_final.pdf}, author = {Joseph P Kopera and Stephen B Mabee} } @techreport {255, title = {Preliminary field report on the Route 2 landslides of tropical storm Irene, August 28, 2011}, year = {2011}, pages = {18}, institution = {Massachusetts Geological Survey}, abstract = {The Massachusetts Geological Survey accompanied Massachusetts Department of Transportation personnel in the field on Tuesday, September 6, 2011, to observe the landslide and flooding damage along the Route 2 corridor caused by Hurricane, which struck the area on August 28, 2011. The purpose of the visit was to: 1) identify the type of slides that occurred; 2) estimate the dimensions and volume of material moved; 2) estimate the geological and environmental conditions leading to the slope failures; and, 4) determine the propensity for future occurrence. Four landslides were observed. Slide 1 is immediately east of the confluence of Trout Brook with the Cold River and Slides 2, 3, and 4 are clustered together on a north- facing slope about 1850 feet east of the confluence of Black Brook with the Cold River. Report prepared for Massachusetts Department of Transportation.}, keywords = {$\#$Landslides, $\#$MGSPub, $\#$NaturalHazards, $\#$Reports, Cold River, hazards, Irene, landslide, Mohawk State Forest, natural hazards, Rt 2, Savoy}, url = {http://www.geo.umass.edu/stategeologist/Products/reports/Rt2_Irene_FieldReport.pdf}, author = {Stephen B Mabee and Joseph P Kopera} }