@proceedings {306,
	title = {Landslides from Tropical Storm Irene in the Deerfield Watershed, western Massachusetts},
	volume = {45},
	year = {2013},
	note = {Accession Number: 2014-027064; Conference Name: Geological Society of America, Northeastern Section, 48th annual meeting; Bretton Woods, NH, United States; Conference Date: 20130318; Language: English; Coordinates: N411500N425500W0695500W0733000; Coden: GAAPBC; Collation: 2; Collation: 83-84; Publication Types: Abstract Only; Serial; Conference document; Updated Code: 201417; Monograph Title: Geological Society of America, Northeastern Section, 48th annual meeting; Monograph Author(s): Anonymous; Reviewed Item: Analytic},
	month = {2013/02/01/},
	pages = {83 - 84},
	publisher = {Geological Society of America (GSA) : Boulder, CO, United States},
	address = {United States},
	abstract = {Four landslides (3 translational debris flows and 1 rotational slide) occurred along the Cold River within the Deerfield River watershed (1440 km (super 2) ) in northwestern Massachusetts closing a six mile section of Route 2, a major east-west transportation corridor, for 3.5 months. These are among the largest landslides to occur in Massachusetts since 1901. Tropical storm Irene dropped 180-250+ mm of rain in a 12 to 15-hour period on the Deerfield watershed preceded by 130-180 mm of rain in the 1.5 weeks leading up to Irene. Soils were saturated, an unusual condition for the month of August, and probably contributed significantly to slope failure. The three translational slides occurred at approximately 10 am on August 28, 2011, involved 765 m of slope at an average angle of 28-33 degrees , covered an area of 1.2 ha and moved about 7645 m (super 3) of material. Bedrock sheeting joints oriented parallel to the slope (284 degrees , 38-40 degrees dip) provided the slip surface upon which the overlying 0.6-1.2 m of colluvium and glacial till slid. The rotational slide occurred along an unarmored section of the Cold River. The slip surface was a 4-8 foot thick layer of laminated lake-bottom sediments overlain by 12-19 feet of stream terrace and debris flow/alluvial fan deposits transported by Trout Brook, a smaller tributary to the Cold River. This section of Route 2 has experienced chronic failures beginning with the storm of 1938. The cost to repair this six-mile section of Route 2 was $22.5 million. Flooding within the Deerfield watershed was extreme with a record-breaking peak flow of 3100 m (super 3) /s (72 year record) where the Deerfield enters the Connecticut River. Approximately 1.6x10 (super 8) m (super 3) of water was discharged through the Deerfield during the event indicating that approximately 112 mm of Irene{\textquoteright}s rainfall was converted directly to runoff, a yield of between 45\% and 62\%. Clays and silts locked in storage in the glacial sediments within the watershed were mobilized resulting in record-breaking sediment loads 5-times greater than predicted from the pre-existing rating curve. Approximately 1.2 Mtonnes of sediment was discharged by the river during Irene. Where the Deerfield and Connecticut Rivers meet, the Deerfield watershed area is one tenth the size of the Connecticut River, yet the Deerfield produced as much as 40\% of the total sediment observed on the lower Connecticut.},
	keywords = {$\#$Landslides, $\#$NaturalHazards, $\#$StaffPubs, Cold River, Deerfield Watershed, effects, Environmental geology, geologic hazards, Irene, landslide, landslides, mass movements, massachusetts, natural hazards, storms, Tropical Storm Irene, United States, western Massachusetts},
	isbn = {00167592},
	url = {https://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2013NE/webprogram/Paper215998.html},
	author = {Stephen B Mabee and Jonathan D Woodruff and Fellows, John and Joseph P Kopera}
}
@article {195,
	title = {The Flow of Time - 500 Million Years of Geohistory in the Connecticut River Valley},
	year = {2000},
	publisher = {Earthview LLC},
	abstract = {With animations and a bit of humor, geologist-educator Richard Little takes you through the amazing events of the last 500 million years in the Connecticut River Valley region, and shows you why this is the best place to study geology in the world. Learn about glacial Lake Hitchcock, unique armored mud balls and take a tour of the dinosaur resources of the Amherst College Pratt Museum and Dinosaur State Park, Rocky Hill, CT. This video has been seen by thousands and is in use in classrooms from upper elementary school through college.},
	keywords = {$\#$ConnecticutValley, $\#$EducationalResources, $\#$MassGeology, $\#$MassGeologyBooks, armored mudballs, book, clay, Connecticut Valley, dinosaurs, field trip guide, footprints, fossils, geologic history, glacial lake, glaciers, hitchcock, mesozoic, movie, mud balls, mudballs, nNew England, site, varves, video, western Massachusetts},
	isbn = {0-9616520-3-9 },
	url = {http://www.earthview.pair.com/publications.html}
}
@article {196,
	title = {The Rise and Fall of Lake Hitchcock - New England{\textquoteright}s Greatest Glacial Lake},
	year = {2000},
	publisher = {Earthview LLC},
	abstract = {Prof. Richard Little hosts this 45-minute program, filled with air views, diagrams, animations, spectacular glacial locations from Canada to Alaska, some humor, and interviews with important geologists, investigating such things as groundwater, varved clay, concretions, sand dunes, pingos, and the nature and destruction of the Lake Hitchcock dam in central Connecticut. You will see how Lake Hitchcock was the most important event to shape the natural and human history of the Connecticut Valley.},
	keywords = {$\#$ConnecticutValley, $\#$EducationalResources, $\#$MassGeology, $\#$MassGeologyBooks, book, clay, Connecticut Valley, field trip guide, geologic history, glaciers, lake hitchcock, movie, nNew England, site, video, western Massachusetts},
	isbn = {0-9616520-5-5 },
	url = {http://www.earthview.pair.com/publications.html}
}
@online {126,
	title = {Dinosaurs, Dunes, and Drifting Continents: the Geohistory of the Connecticut Valley},
	publisher = {Earthview LLC},
	abstract = {Written by local geology expert Richard Little, this book is a great resource for the geologic layperson interested in the geologist history of the Connecticut Valley: from its formation during the rifting of Pangea through the modification of the landscape by glaciers during the most recent ice age.},
	keywords = {$\#$ConnecticutValley, $\#$EducationalResources, $\#$MassGeology, $\#$MassGeologyBooks, book, clay, Connecticut Valley, dinosaurs, field trip guide, footprints, fossils, geologic history, glaciers, hitchcock, lake, mesozoic, New England, site, varves, western Massachusetts},
	isbn = {9616520-7-1},
	url = {http://www.earthview.pair.com/publications.html}
}
@online {187,
	title = {Exploring the Berkshire Hills: A Guide to Geology and Early Industry in the Upper Housatonic Watershed},
	publisher = {Earthview LLC},
	abstract = {After introductory chapters on Berkshire geology, Author Ed Kirby takes you to some of the most scenic and interesting sites throughout the Berkshires of Massachusetts, Connecticut, and New York. As you take the 25 field tours, which include roadside geology, hikes and short walks, you gain field experience with local geology and also appreciate the role geology played in the industrial and historical development of the region. With some humor and excellent illustrations, Ed presents the making of rocks and landscape, the workings of blast furnaces, localities of iron ore, glass sand, and clay. Quotes and stories from Longfellow, Melville, Hawthorne, and Wharton are interspersed with descriptions of unconformities, great faults, waterfalls, and mountaintop vistas.},
	keywords = {$\#$ConnecticutValley, $\#$EducationalResources, $\#$MassGeology, $\#$MassGeologyBooks, Berkshire, book, clay, dinosaurs, field trip guide, footprints, fossils, geologic history, glaciers, hilltown, hitchcock, housatonic, industry, lake, mesozoic, nNew England, site, valley, varves, western Massachusetts},
	isbn = {0-9616520-4-7 },
	url = {http://www.earthview.pair.com/publications.html}
}
