@proceedings {302, title = {Implications of diurnal river fluctuations on mass transport in a valley-fill aquifer}, volume = {38}, year = {2006}, note = {Accession Number: 2010-061334; Conference Name: Geological Society of America, 2006 annual meeting; Philadelphia, PA, United States; Conference Date: 20061022; Language: English; Coden: GAAPBC; Collation: 1; Collation: 468; Publication Types: Abstract Only; Serial; Conference document; Updated Code: 201034; Monograph Title: Geological Society of America, 2006 annual meeting; Monograph Author(s): Anonymous; Reviewed Item: Analytic}, month = {2006/10/01/}, pages = {468 - 468}, publisher = {Geological Society of America (GSA) : Boulder, CO, United States}, address = {United States}, abstract = {Aquifers located in isolated stratified drift deposits in the northeastern portion of the US are extremely fragile and important groundwater resources. These aquifers, when restricted to bedrock valleys, are often strongly coupled to significant surface water drainage systems. In northwestern Massachusetts, surface water associated with the Deerfield River watershed is highly regulated by dams to protect against flooding and to generate hydroelectric power. Regular releases of water from these dams cause diurnal fluctuations in river stage. In a previous study performed by the USGS, measurements from two clusters of wells show a significant response to river stage fluctuations in the aquifer. Fluctuations in river stage and resulting changes in head levels in the aquifer cause a switch from a losing to a gaining stream. The flow reversals have implications for mass transport and nutrient cycling within the hyporheic zone. In this paper we investigate the physical hydrologic controls on mass transport in the shallow aquifer. Using a coupled groundwater flow and transport code, we built a quasi three dimensional transient numerical model to approximate the head changes in the aquifer caused by the stage fluctuations in the river. Flow velocities and residence times were estimated in the aquifer for a variety of flow conditions. The mixing process driven by the aquifer head changes were quantified in the proximity of the hyporheic zone and shown to significantly influence both vertical and horizontal flow velocities in a region close to the stream-aquifer boundary. The diurnal river stage changes also appear to influence farfield hydrologic conditions and potentially hydrologically isolate the river and hyporheic zone. To further investigate these mixing processes we applied a mass transport code with conservative tracers to the aquifer. Fluctuation of the river stage combined with the heterogeneous nature of the aquifer creates a pumping mechanism that creates excess mixing within shallow portions of the aquifer. Aquifer dispersivity and molecular diffusion both contribute to the anomalous mixing modeled in the shallow aquifer. Mixing driven by stream stage changes has important implications for nutrient cycling as well as contaminant transport in the shallow aquifer.}, keywords = {$\#$StaffPubs, aquifers, BEDROCK, clastic sediments, controls, diffusion, diurnal variations, drainage, drift, Eastern U.S., Environmental geology 22, floods, fluctuations, geochemical cycle, geologic hazards, ground water, measurement, mixing, models, Northeastern U.S., numerical models, nutrients, pollution, processes, pumping, quantitative analysis, residence time, sediments, shallow aquifers, surface water, three-dimensional models, tracers, transport, United States, valleys, water pollution, water resources, water wells}, isbn = {00167592}, url = {https://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2006AM/finalprogram/abstract_115285.htm}, author = {Brandon J Fleming and David F Boutt and Stephen B Mabee} } @proceedings {303, title = {Improving seismic hazard assessment in New England through the use of surficial geologic maps and expert analysis}, volume = {45}, year = {2013}, note = {Accession Number: 2014-021037; Conference Name: Geological Society of America, Northeastern Section, 48th annual meeting; Bretton Woods, NH, United States; Conference Date: 20130318; Language: English; Coden: GAAPBC; Collation: 2; Collation: 50-51; Publication Types: Abstract Only; Serial; Conference document; Updated Code: 201414; Monograph Title: Geological Society of America, Northeastern Section, 48th annual meeting; Monograph Author(s): Anonymous; Reviewed Item: Analytic}, month = {2013/02/01/}, pages = {50 - 51}, publisher = {Geological Society of America (GSA) : Boulder, CO, United States}, address = {United States}, abstract = {In New England, earthquakes pose a risk to the built environment. New England state geological surveys partnered with the Northeast States Emergency Consortium to integrate geologic information and GIS analysis for risk communication. Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, and Vermont employed surficial geologic maps, deglaciation history, glacial stratigraphy, and professional judgment to reclassify surficial geologic materials into one of the five National Earthquake Hazard Reduction Program (NEHRP) site classifications (A, B, C, D, and E). These new classifications were used in the HAZards U.S. Multi-Hazard (HAZUS-MH) risk assessment application as a substitute for site class value of "D," used in HAZUS-MH throughout New England as a default value. Coding of surficial geologic materials for the five NEHRP site classifications was then compared with classifications using the Wald methodology, a method using slope analysis as a proxy for shear-wave velocity estimates. Comparisons show that coding to site classes using the Wald methodology underestimates categories A (high-velocity shear-wave materials, least relative hazard) and E (lowest-velocity shear-wave materials, greatest relative hazard) when evaluated side by side with coding done with the aid of surficial geologic maps. Geologic maps provide insights into the location of buried low shear wave velocity materials not afforded by the Wald methodology. North of the glacial limit, derangement of drainage resulted in extensive ponding of meltwaters and the subsequent deposition of thick sequences of lacustrine mud. Inundation by the sea immediately following deglaciation in New England resulted in the deposition of spatially extensive and locally thick sequences of glacial marine mud. Surficial geologic maps better capture these circumstances when compared with the Wald methodology. Without the use of surficial geologic maps, significant areas of New England will be incorrectly classified as being more stable than actual site conditions would allow. By employing surficial geologic information, HAZUS-MH earthquake loss estimates are improved, providing local and regional emergency managers with more accurate information for locating and prioritizing.

}, keywords = {$\#$StaffPubs, earthquakes, Environmental geology, geologic hazards, maps, natural hazards, New England, risk assessment, seismic risk, seismic zoning, surficial geology, surficial geology maps, technology, United States}, isbn = {00167592}, url = {https://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2013NE/webprogram/Paper214837.html}, author = {Becker, Laurence R. and Patriarco, Steven P. and Marvinney, Robert G. and Thomas, Margaret A. and Stephen B Mabee and Fratto, Edward S.} } @proceedings {306, title = {Landslides from Tropical Storm Irene in the Deerfield Watershed, western Massachusetts}, volume = {45}, year = {2013}, note = {Accession Number: 2014-027064; Conference Name: Geological Society of America, Northeastern Section, 48th annual meeting; Bretton Woods, NH, United States; Conference Date: 20130318; Language: English; Coordinates: N411500N425500W0695500W0733000; Coden: GAAPBC; Collation: 2; Collation: 83-84; Publication Types: Abstract Only; Serial; Conference document; Updated Code: 201417; Monograph Title: Geological Society of America, Northeastern Section, 48th annual meeting; Monograph Author(s): Anonymous; Reviewed Item: Analytic}, month = {2013/02/01/}, pages = {83 - 84}, publisher = {Geological Society of America (GSA) : Boulder, CO, United States}, address = {United States}, abstract = {Four landslides (3 translational debris flows and 1 rotational slide) occurred along the Cold River within the Deerfield River watershed (1440 km (super 2) ) in northwestern Massachusetts closing a six mile section of Route 2, a major east-west transportation corridor, for 3.5 months. These are among the largest landslides to occur in Massachusetts since 1901. Tropical storm Irene dropped 180-250+ mm of rain in a 12 to 15-hour period on the Deerfield watershed preceded by 130-180 mm of rain in the 1.5 weeks leading up to Irene. Soils were saturated, an unusual condition for the month of August, and probably contributed significantly to slope failure. The three translational slides occurred at approximately 10 am on August 28, 2011, involved 765 m of slope at an average angle of 28-33 degrees , covered an area of 1.2 ha and moved about 7645 m (super 3) of material. Bedrock sheeting joints oriented parallel to the slope (284 degrees , 38-40 degrees dip) provided the slip surface upon which the overlying 0.6-1.2 m of colluvium and glacial till slid. The rotational slide occurred along an unarmored section of the Cold River. The slip surface was a 4-8 foot thick layer of laminated lake-bottom sediments overlain by 12-19 feet of stream terrace and debris flow/alluvial fan deposits transported by Trout Brook, a smaller tributary to the Cold River. This section of Route 2 has experienced chronic failures beginning with the storm of 1938. The cost to repair this six-mile section of Route 2 was $22.5 million. Flooding within the Deerfield watershed was extreme with a record-breaking peak flow of 3100 m (super 3) /s (72 year record) where the Deerfield enters the Connecticut River. Approximately 1.6x10 (super 8) m (super 3) of water was discharged through the Deerfield during the event indicating that approximately 112 mm of Irene{\textquoteright}s rainfall was converted directly to runoff, a yield of between 45\% and 62\%. Clays and silts locked in storage in the glacial sediments within the watershed were mobilized resulting in record-breaking sediment loads 5-times greater than predicted from the pre-existing rating curve. Approximately 1.2 Mtonnes of sediment was discharged by the river during Irene. Where the Deerfield and Connecticut Rivers meet, the Deerfield watershed area is one tenth the size of the Connecticut River, yet the Deerfield produced as much as 40\% of the total sediment observed on the lower Connecticut.}, keywords = {$\#$Landslides, $\#$NaturalHazards, $\#$StaffPubs, Cold River, Deerfield Watershed, effects, Environmental geology, geologic hazards, Irene, landslide, landslides, mass movements, massachusetts, natural hazards, storms, Tropical Storm Irene, United States, western Massachusetts}, isbn = {00167592}, url = {https://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2013NE/webprogram/Paper215998.html}, author = {Stephen B Mabee and Jonathan D Woodruff and Fellows, John and Joseph P Kopera} } @article {236, title = {Well Inventory of the Ayer quadrangle, Massachusetts}, year = {2006}, publisher = {Massachusetts Geological Survey}, edition = {WI-06-01}, abstract = {Well Inventories consist of ESRI ArcView Project files (*.apr), associated ESRI shapefiles and scanned boring logs compiled from several sources. \  Each *. apr file displays borehole locations, information about the boring itself, and, where available, a scanned image of the boring log.\  Be sure to read the "README.TXT" file before using this product. }, keywords = {$\#$MGSPub, $\#$Subsurface, $\#$WellInventory, arsenic, Ayer, boring, Boxborough, Devens, For Devens, Groton, groundwater, Harvard, LITTLETON, Shirley, subsurface, water resources, well}, author = {Fernandez, M. and Duncan, C. and Stephen B Mabee} } @article {229, title = {Well inventory of the Hudson quadrangle, Massachusetts}, year = {2005}, publisher = {Massachusetts Geological Survey}, edition = {WI-05-01}, abstract = {

Well Inventories consist of ESRI ArcView Project files (*.apr), associated ESRI shapefiles and scanned boring logs compiled from several sources. \  Each *. apr file displays borehole locations, information about the boring itself, and, where available, a scanned image of the boring log.\  Be sure to read the "README.TXT" file before using this product.

}, keywords = {$\#$MGSPub, $\#$Subsurface, $\#$WellInventory, Berlin, Bolton, borings, Boxborough, Harvard, Hudson, Malborough, Stow, water resources, wells}, author = {Fernandez, M. and Duncan, C. and Stephen B Mabee} } @article {215, title = {Well Inventory of the Milford quadrangle, Massachusetts}, year = {2007}, publisher = {Massachusetts Geological Survey}, abstract = {MGS Well inventories are a database of digitized water well data, boring logs, and images of well completion reports for a given quadrangle compiled into an ArcView 3.x project file. \ Modeled surfaces of static water-level surfaces, depth to bedrock, yield, etc... are also included. }, keywords = {$\#$MGSPub, $\#$Subsurface, $\#$WellInventory, Ashland, borings, groundwater, Holliston, Hopkinton, logs, Mendon, MGS Publication, Milford, Northbridge, Upton, water, well, Westborough}, author = {Fernandez, M. and Duncan, C. and Stephen B Mabee} } @article {246, title = {Well Inventory of the Westford quadrangle, Massachusetts}, year = {2009}, publisher = {Massachusetts Geological Survey}, edition = {WI-09-01}, abstract = {Well Inventories of selected 7.5{\textquoteright} quadrangles consist of ESRI ArcView Project files (*.apr), associated ESRI shapefiles and scanned boring logs compiled from several sources. Each *. apr file displays borehole locations, information about the boring itself, and, where available, a scanned image of the boring log. Be sure to read the "README.TXT" file before using this product. }, keywords = {$\#$MGSPub, $\#$Subsurface, $\#$WellInventory, Acton, borings, Boxborough, Carlisle, Chelmsford, Concord, Groton, groundwater, LITTLETON, subsurface, Tyngsborough, wells, Westford}, author = {Fernandez, M.} } @article {315, title = {Implications of anthropogenic river stage fluctuations on mass transport in a valley fill aquifer}, journal = {Water Resources Research}, volume = {45}, year = {2009}, month = {2009/01/01/}, pages = {@CitationW04427 - @CitationW04427}, publisher = {American Geophysical Union : Washington, DC, United States}, abstract = {In humid regions a strong coupling between surface water features and groundwater systems may exist. In these environments the exchange of water and solute depends primarily on the hydraulic gradient between the reservoirs. We hypothesize that daily changes in river stage associated with anthropogenic water releases (such as those from a hydroelectric dam) cause anomalous mixing in the near-stream environment by creating large hydraulic head gradients between the stream and adjacent aquifer. We present field observations of hydraulic gradient reversals in a shallow aquifer. Important physical processes observed in the field are explicitly reproduced in a physically based two-dimensional numerical model of groundwater flow coupled to a simplistic surface water boundary condition. Mass transport simulations of a conservative solute introduced into the surface water are performed and examined relative to a stream condition without stage fluctuations. Simulations of 20 d for both fluctuating river stage and fixed high river stage show that more mass is introduced into the aquifer from the stream in the oscillating case even though the net water flux is zero. Enhanced transport by mechanical dispersion leads to mass being driven away from the hydraulic zone of influence of the river. The modification of local hydraulic gradients is likely to be important for understanding dissolved mass transport in near-stream aquifer environments and can influence exchange zone processes under conditions of high-frequency stream stage changes.}, keywords = {$\#$Hydro, $\#$WaterResources, aquifers, boundary conditions, Charlemont, Deerfield River basin, fluctuations, fluvial features, Franklin County Massachusetts, ground water, human activity, Hydrogeology 21, hydrology, massachusetts, numerical models, preferential flow, rivers, shallow aquifers, streams, surface water, transport, two-dimensional models, United States, valleys}, isbn = {0043139719447973}, url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2007WR006526/full}, author = {David F Boutt and Brandon J Fleming} } @article {304, title = {Improving seismic hazard assessment in New England through the use of surficial geologic maps and expert analysis}, journal = {Special Paper - Geological Society of America}, volume = {493}, year = {2012}, note = {Accession Number: 2013-034008; Conference Name: Geological Society of America, 2010 annual meeting; Denver, CO, United States; Conference Date: 20101031; Language: English; Coden: GSAPAZ; Collation: 22; Collation: 221-242; Publication Types: Serial; Conference document; Updated Code: 201321; Illustration(s): illus. incl. 6 tables, geol. sketch maps; Number of References: 36; Monograph Title: Recent advances in North American paleoseismology and neotectonics east of the Rockies; Monograph Author(s): Cox, Randel Tom [editor]; Tuttle, Martitia P. [editor]; Boyd, Oliver S. [editor]; Locat, Jacques [editor]; Reviewed Item: Analytic}, month = {2012/01/01/}, pages = {221 - 242}, publisher = {Geological Society of America (GSA) : Boulder, CO, United States}, address = {United States}, abstract = {(GSA Special Paper) In New England, earthquakes pose a risk to the built environment. Emergency preparedness and mitigation planning are prudent in this region as older unreinforced masonry buildings and numerous critical facilities are common. New England state geological surveys cooperate with the Northeast States Emergency Consortium (NESEC) to improve risk communication with emergency managers. To that end, Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, and Vermont employed surficial geologic maps, deglaciation history, knowledge of the glacial stratigraphy, and professional judgment to reclassify surficial geologic material units into one of the five National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP) site classifications (A, B, C, D, and E). These new classifications were used as a substitute for the HAZards U.S. Multi-Hazard (HAZUS-MH) site class value of "D," which is used throughout New England as a default value. In addition, coding of surficial geologic materials for the five NEHRP site classifications was compared with classifications using the Wald methodology, a method that uses a slope analysis as a proxy for shear-wave velocity estimates. Comparisons show that coding to site classes using the Wald methodology underestimates categories A (high-velocity shear-wave materials, least relative hazard) and E (lowest-velocity shear-wave materials, greatest relative hazard) when evaluated side by side with coding done with the aid of surficial geologic maps. North of the glacial limit, derangement of drainage resulted in extensive ponding of meltwaters and the subsequent deposition of thick sequences of lacustrine mud. Inundation by the sea immediately following deglaciation in New England resulted in the deposition of spatially extensive and locally thick sequences of glacial marine mud. Surficial geologic maps better capture this circumstance when compared with the Wald topographic slope analysis. Without the use of surficial geologic maps, significant areas of New England will be incorrectly classified as being more stable than the site conditions that actually exist. By employing surficial geologic information, we project an improved accuracy for HAZUS-MH earthquake loss estimations, providing local and regional emergency managers with more accurate information for locating and prioritizing earthquake planning, preparedness, and mitigation projects to reduce future losses.}, keywords = {$\#$StaffPubs, civil engineering, earthquakes, Eastern U.S., Engineering geology 30, Environmental geology 22, geologic hazards, mitigation, natural hazards, New England, Northeastern U.S., risk assessment, risk management, safety, seismic risk, seismicity, United States}, isbn = {007210779780813724935}, url = {http://specialpapers.gsapubs.org/content/493/221.abstract}, author = {Becker, Laurence R. and Patriarco, Steven P. and Marvinney, Robert G. and Thomas, Margaret A. and Stephen B Mabee and Fratto, Edward S.} } @Map {248, title = {Onshore-Offshore Surficial Geologic Map of the Newburyport East and Northern Half of the Ipswich Quadrangles, Massachusetts}, year = {2010}, publisher = {Massachusetts Geological Survey}, edition = {GM13-01}, abstract = {This geologic map shows the distribution of surficial subaerial and subaqueous materials in the Newburyport East and northern half of the Ipswich 7.5{\textquoteright} quadrangles (northeast Massachusetts) and the area of the Gulf of Maine immediately offshore, to an approximate depth of 80 m below modern mean sea level (MSL). This map was compiled from the onshore surficial geologic map of Stone et al. (2006) and the offshore surficial mapping of Barnhardt et al. (2009), and includes newly mapped shallow offshore geologic features. Onshore and offshore units are continuous across the shallow- water zone (0-20 m below MSL). The definition of map units is based on lithologic characteristics (grain size, mineralogy and structure), stratigraphic relationships and relative ages, and sedimentologic processes. The map describes the evolution of the surficial geology in terms of the sediment sources, transportation mechanisms, and depositional, post-depositional and modern processes that have acted on the late Quaternary sediments that compose these units. Cross sections are derived from subsurface data compiled from the literature and collected as part of this study. This maps supersedes MGS OFR 2011-01}, keywords = {$\#$MGSPub, $\#$OnshoreOffshore, $\#$SurficialMaps, coastal, Essex, glacial, Gloucester, Hamilton, Ipswich, Newburport, Newbury, Newburyport, onshore, Plum Island, Rowley, Salisbury, surficial}, author = {Hein, C.J. and Fitzgerald, D.M, and Barnhardt, W.A. and Byron D Stone} } @Map {219, title = {Preliminary bedrock geologic Map of the Milford quadrangle}, year = {2007}, publisher = {Massachusetts Geological Survey}, edition = {OFR-07-01}, abstract = {

Fracture Characterization Map is included as sheets 2 and 3. Water Resources data included as sheet 4.

GIS and metadata forthcoming

}, keywords = {$\#$BedrockMaps, $\#$FractureMaps, $\#$MGSPub, acadian, alaskite, alleghenian, amphibolite, antiform, Ashland, avalon, bedrock map, blackstone, fracture, GEOLOGIC MAP, gneiss, granite, Holliston, hopedale quartzite, Hopkinton, ironstone diorite, joints, l-tectonite, Mendon, MGS Publication, Milford, neoproterozoic, Northbridge, proterozoic, quarries, quartzite, Upton, Westborough}, author = {Joseph P Kopera and Shaw, C.E. and Fernandez, M.} } @Map {214, title = {Preliminary bedrock geologic map of the Orange 7.5{\textquoteright} quadrangle, Massachusetts (including portions of the Millers Falls and Athol 7.5{\textquoteright} quadrangles)}, year = {2008}, publisher = {Massachusetts Geological Survey}, edition = {OFR08-04}, address = {Amherst, MA}, abstract = {The culmination of over 50 years of mapping and geologic investigation by U-Mass professor Peter Robinson and his students, this map details the structure and stratigraphy of the Oliverean gneiss domes and the continuation of the Bronson Hill sequence south into central Massachusetts.}, keywords = {$\#$BedrockMaps, $\#$MGSPub, AMMONOOSUC, Athol, ATHOL FAULT, BEARS DEN FAULT, BEDROCK, BRONSON HILL, ERVING, GEOLOGIC MAP, GEOLOGY, LITTLETON, map, METAMORPHIC, MGS Publication, New Salem, Orange, PELHAM DOME, Petersham, Shutesbury, Warwick, Wendell}, author = {Robinson, P. and Fernandez, M.} } @Map {231, title = {Surficial geology of a portion of Bristol, Norfolk and Plymouth Counties, Massachusetts}, year = {2004}, publisher = {Massachusetts Geological Survey}, abstract = {

Interim digital compilation of the published surficial geology of the Assawompsett Pond, Blue Hills, Bridgewater, Brockton, Duxbury, Hanover, Scituate, Norwood, Taunton, and Whitman 7.5{\textquoteright} quadrangles.

This will be superseded by the publication of USGS OFR 2006-1260-H

}, keywords = {$\#$MGSPub, $\#$SurficialMaps, Abington, Acushnet, Avon, Boston, Braintree, Bridgewater, Brockton, Canton, Dedham, Dover, Duxbury, East Bridgewater, Easton, Foxborough, Freetown, Halifax, Hanover, Hanson, Holbrook, Kingston, Lakeville, Marshfield, Middleborough, Milton, Norwell, Norwood, Pembroke, Plympton, Quincy, Randolph, Raynham, Rochester, Rockland, Scituate, Sharon, Stoughton, Taunton, Walpole, West Bridgewater, Westwood, Whitman}, author = {Stephen B Mabee and Fernandez, M.} } @techreport {258, title = {Hydrogeologic investigation of the west Charlemont aquifer, Charlemont, Massachusetts}, year = {2007}, pages = {116}, institution = {Massachusetts Geological Survey}, abstract = {

The University of Massachusetts Department of Geosciences and Office of the Massachusetts State Geologist were asked by the Franklin Regional Council of Governments to make an assessment of the extent, thickness and hydraulic properties of the West Charlemont aquifer located in valley fill deposits along the Deerfield River in the Town of Charlemont, Massachusetts. Previous work by Gay et al. (1974) mapped these fill deposits as a medium yield aquifer (51 gallons per minute, gpm, to 200 gpm). The purpose of this investigation is to evaluate further the potential of this medium yield aquifer as a viable groundwater resource for the Town of Charlemont. Results from six new seismic refraction surveys, three new boreholes, analysis of grain size distribution curves and a review of previous borehole logs and geophysical surveys were compiled to build a conceptual 3-dimensional visualization of the aquifer system. These data were used to make a first-order estimate of potential yield.

}, keywords = {$\#$Hydro, $\#$MGSPub, $\#$Reports, $\#$WaterResources, aquifer, Charlemont, controlled release, dam, Deerfield River, hydro, hydrogeology, power}, url = {http://www.geo.umass.edu/stategeologist/Products/reports/CharlemontFinalReport.pdf}, author = {Stephen B Mabee and Flemig, B. and David F Boutt} } @techreport {30, title = {Preliminary compilation of the bedrock geology of the land area of the Boston 2 degree sheet, Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island and New Hampshire}, number = {77-285}, year = {1977}, keywords = {$\#$MassGeology, $\#$MassGeologyMap, bedrock geology, Connecticut, eastern MA, GEOLOGY, map, massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island}, issn = {USGS OFR 77-285}, url = {http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/ofr77285}, author = {Patrick J Barosh and Fahey, Richard J. and Pease, Maurice Henry, Jr.} }