@proceedings {275,
	title = {Connecticut geothermal map series; tools for exploration and development},
	volume = {45},
	year = {2013},
	note = {Accession Number: 2014-021035; Conference Name: Geological Society of America, Northeastern Section, 48th annual meeting; Bretton Woods, NH, United States; Conference Date: 20130318; Language: English; Coden: GAAPBC; Collation: 1; Collation: 50; Publication Types: Abstract Only; Serial; Conference document; Updated Code: 201414; Monograph Title: Geological Society of America, Northeastern Section, 48th annual meeting; Monograph Author(s): Anonymous; Reviewed Item: Analytic},
	month = {2013/02/01/},
	pages = {50 - 50},
	publisher = {Geological Society of America (GSA) : Boulder, CO, United States},
	address = {United States},
	abstract = {The CT and MA Geological Surveys are collaborative partners in the National Geothermal Data Project funded by DOE through the Association of American State Geologists. The goal is to develop information to assist in locating State geothermal resources and provide data for better design of EGS systems in bedrock or unconsolidated sediments. The first 2 yrs of the investigation focused on data collection to explore the heat generating potential of CT bedrock and thermal conductivity (TC) properties of CT sediments. Rock chemistry, density, and TC were used to calculate heat production, heat flow, and thermal profiles at depth for >240 samples of 55 bedrock units. Heat production values (hpvs) were determined using concentrations of radiogenic (K, U, Th) and measured sample density. Heat flow values were determined using the calculated hpvs for the samples and hpvs of avg crustal material of New England (Rhodes, personal com., 2012). Thermal profiles at depths up to 6 km were generated using hpv, heat flow, and TC values for each sample. Results indicate that areas with highest heat flow values are in southeastern CT bedrock. 100 sediment samples were collected from 20 units targeted using the Surficial Materials and Quaternary Maps of CT. TC Measurements were made using a Decagon KD2-Pro Meter. Physical profiles of sediment (grain size, sand, silt, clay percent, bulk density, porosity) were created. Current efforts involve synthesis of calculated hpvs with direct heat flow measurements from existing geothermal installations to compile a geothermal resource map series. The series includes heat production, inferred heat flow, TC, and thermal profile maps for bedrock, and a TC map for sediments. These maps will assist geothermal contractors in site plan and system design. Heat production and inferred heat flow maps summarize model results for bedrock units. Thermal profile maps depict models of inferred temperature increases at depth, providing estimates for 3,4,5, and 6 km at specific locations, and provide depths needed to achieve desired temperature for either EGS or larger direct heat applications. TC mapping of sediments depict favorable areas for geothermal installations, and may be used in design of various ground source heat pump systems. All data and mapping is accessible via the National Geothermal Data System.},
	keywords = {$\#$StaffPubs, BEDROCK, Connecticut, Economic geology, geology of energy sources 29A, geothermal energy, heat flow, information management, maps, technology, United States},
	isbn = {00167592},
	url = {https://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2013NE/webprogram/Paper216450.html},
	author = {Gagnon, Teresa K. and Thomas, Margaret A. and John Michael Rhodes and Stephen B Mabee}
}
@proceedings {300,
	title = {Identifying and examining potential geothermal resources in non-traditional regions, examples from the northeastern U.S.},
	volume = {43},
	year = {2011},
	note = {Accession Number: 2012-083486; Conference Name: Geological Society of America, 2011 annual meeting; Minneapolis, MN, United States; Conference Date: 20111009; Language: English; Coden: GAAPBC; Collation: 1; Collation: 40; Publication Types: Abstract Only; Serial; Conference document; Updated Code: 201244; Monograph Title: Geological Society of America, 2011 annual meeting; Monograph Author(s): Anonymous; Reviewed Item: Analytic},
	month = {2011/10/01/},
	pages = {40 - 40},
	publisher = {Geological Society of America (GSA) : Boulder, CO, United States},
	address = {United States},
	abstract = {The search for geothermal resources is rapidly expanding into tectonic regions that have not been previously considered to be suitable for exploitation. Many of these regions, such as the northeastern U.S., have never been the site of extensive geophysical investigations and have few deep borehole temperature measurements. Nevertheless, large portions of the northeastern U.S. are underlain by granitic bedrock that may be a productive energy source by applying enhanced geothermal technologies. In the absence of traditional reconnaissance data, we utilize field studies and sampling together with geochemical analysis to develop models of geothermal resources that can be tested against data from deep boreholes. Heat production is calculated from the measured density of the samples, the concentrations of K, U, and Th from whole-rock geochemical analysis via X-ray fluorescence, and established radiogenic heat production values. Models for a particular area can then be generated by calculating depth-specific temperatures using heat production, measured thermal conductivity for each sample, and assumptions related to local stratigraphy and regional heat flow. Mapping and structural extrapolation are used to establish the subsurface characteristics at a study site and are combined with the thermal and chemical characteristics of contact rocks and overburden materials. Two examples of the application of this technique are the Fall River granite at the margin of the Narragansett Basin in southeastern Massachusetts and the Andover Granite in northeastern Massachusetts. Thermal models of the Fall River Pluton indicate average temperatures of 71 degrees C at depths of 4 km and 97 degrees C at 6 km. Average temperatures increase to 107 degrees C and 132 degrees C, respectively, when a 2 km thick sediment package is modeled overlying the granite. The Andover Granite, which is not associated with a sedimentary basin and is in a more structurally complex configuration, yields an average temperature of 74 degrees C at a depth of 4 km and 101 degrees C at 6 km. While this approach to modeling temperature-depth profiles requires some regional heat flow assumptions, the application of mapping and structural analysis with geochemistry and thermal conductivity studies can be an important reconnaissance tool for identifying non-traditional geothermal resources.},
	keywords = {$\#$StaffPubs, Andover Granite, Eastern U.S., Economic geology, geology of energy sources 29A, exploitation, exploration, Fall River Granite, field studies, geochemistry, geothermal energy, identification, mapping, massachusetts, models, Northeastern U.S., overburden, resources, sampling, southeastern Massachusetts, spectra, structural analysis, technology, temperature, United States, whole rock, X-ray fluorescence spectra},
	isbn = {00167592},
	author = {Koteas, G. Christopher and John Michael Rhodes and Stephen B Mabee and Goodhue, Nathaniel and Adams, Sharon A.}
}
@proceedings {303,
	title = {Improving seismic hazard assessment in New England through the use of surficial geologic maps and expert analysis},
	volume = {45},
	year = {2013},
	note = {Accession Number: 2014-021037; Conference Name: Geological Society of America, Northeastern Section, 48th annual meeting; Bretton Woods, NH, United States; Conference Date: 20130318; Language: English; Coden: GAAPBC; Collation: 2; Collation: 50-51; Publication Types: Abstract Only; Serial; Conference document; Updated Code: 201414; Monograph Title: Geological Society of America, Northeastern Section, 48th annual meeting; Monograph Author(s): Anonymous; Reviewed Item: Analytic},
	month = {2013/02/01/},
	pages = {50 - 51},
	publisher = {Geological Society of America (GSA) : Boulder, CO, United States},
	address = {United States},
	abstract = {In New England, earthquakes pose a risk to the built environment. New England state geological surveys partnered with the Northeast States Emergency Consortium to integrate geologic information and GIS analysis for risk communication. Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, and Vermont employed surficial geologic maps, deglaciation history, glacial stratigraphy, and professional judgment to reclassify surficial geologic materials into one of the five National Earthquake Hazard Reduction Program (NEHRP) site classifications (A, B, C, D, and E). These new classifications were used in the HAZards U.S. Multi-Hazard (HAZUS-MH) risk assessment application as a substitute for site class value of "D," used in HAZUS-MH throughout New England as a default value. Coding of surficial geologic materials for the five NEHRP site classifications was then compared with classifications using the Wald methodology, a method using slope analysis as a proxy for shear-wave velocity estimates. Comparisons show that coding to site classes using the Wald methodology underestimates categories A (high-velocity shear-wave materials, least relative hazard) and E (lowest-velocity shear-wave materials, greatest relative hazard) when evaluated side by side with coding done with the aid of surficial geologic maps. Geologic maps provide insights into the location of buried low shear wave velocity materials not afforded by the Wald methodology. North of the glacial limit, derangement of drainage resulted in extensive ponding of meltwaters and the subsequent deposition of thick sequences of lacustrine mud. Inundation by the sea immediately following deglaciation in New England resulted in the deposition of spatially extensive and locally thick sequences of glacial marine mud. Surficial geologic maps better capture these circumstances when compared with the Wald methodology. Without the use of surficial geologic maps, significant areas of New England will be incorrectly classified as being more stable than actual site conditions would allow. By employing surficial geologic information, HAZUS-MH earthquake loss estimates are improved, providing local and regional emergency managers with more accurate information for locating and prioritizing.</p>
},
	keywords = {$\#$StaffPubs, earthquakes, Environmental geology, geologic hazards, maps, natural hazards, New England, risk assessment, seismic risk, seismic zoning, surficial geology, surficial geology maps, technology, United States},
	isbn = {00167592},
	url = {https://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2013NE/webprogram/Paper214837.html},
	author = {Becker, Laurence R. and Patriarco, Steven P. and Marvinney, Robert G. and Thomas, Margaret A. and Stephen B Mabee and Fratto, Edward S.}
}
@article {314,
	title = {Overcoming the momentum of anachronism; American geologic mapping in a twenty-first-century world},
	journal = {Special Paper - Geological Society of America},
	volume = {502},
	year = {2013},
	month = {2013/09/01/},
	pages = {103 - 125},
	publisher = {Geological Society of America (GSA) : Boulder, CO, United States},
	abstract = {The practice of geologic mapping is undergoing conceptual and methodological transformation. Profound changes in digital technology in the past 10 yr have potential to impact all aspects of geologic mapping. The future of geologic mapping as a relevant scientific enterprise depends on widespread adoption of new technology and ideas about the collection, meaning, and utility of geologic map data. It is critical that the geologic community redefine the primary elements of the traditional paper geologic map and improve the integration of the practice of making maps in the field and office with the new ways to record, manage, share, and visualize their underlying data. A modern digital geologic mapping model will enhance scientific discovery, meet elevated expectations of modern geologic map users, and accommodate inevitable future changes in technology.},
	keywords = {$\#$StaffPubs, applications, areal geology, cartography, computer programs, data processing, digital cartography, geographic information systems, Geologic maps 14, Global Positioning System, history, information systems, laser methods, lidar methods, mapping, methods, technology, United States},
	isbn = {00721077},
	url = {http://specialpapers.gsapubs.org/content/502/103.abstract},
	author = {House, P. Kyle and Clark, Ryan and Joseph P Kopera}
}
