%0 Book %B U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper %D 1988 %T The bedrock geology of Massachusetts %A Hatch, Norman L %A Goldsmith, Richard %A Robinson, P %A Stanley, Rolfe S %A Wones, David R %A Zartman, Robert E %A Marvin, Richard F %K #MassGeology %K #MassGeologyMap %K #StateGeologicMap %K bedrock map %K GEOLOGIC MAP %K Goldsmith %K Hatch %K Hatch 1991 %K State Geologic Map %K Zen %K Zen 1983 %X USGS Professional Paper 1366 A-D & E-J: Books accompanying the 1983 State Bedrock Geologic Map, edited by Norman L. Hatch. Paper copies can be ordered via the USGS store (http://store.usgs.gov) using the USGS product numbers above or by clicking the links below. %B U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper %I United States Geological Survey %C Reston, VA %V 1366 %G eng %6 2 %0 Conference Proceedings %B Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %D 2010 %T Arsenic in central Massachusetts bedrock and groundwater %A McTigue, David F. %A Stein, Carol L. %A Brandon, William C. %A Joseph P Kopera %A Keskula, Anna J. %A Koteas, G. Christopher %K #StaffPubs %K alteration %K arsenic %K arsenides %K arsenopyrite %K Ayer Granodiorite %K BEDROCK %K central Massachusetts %K chelmsford granite %K Devonian %K dilation %K discharge %K dissolved materials %K drinking water %K Eh %K fractures %K General geochemistry 02A %K geochemistry %K granites %K ground water %K igneous rocks %K joints %K massachusetts %K metals %K metamorphism %K meteoric water %K overburden %K Paleozoic %K petrography %K plutonic rocks %K pollutants %K reduction %K solubility %K solution %K sulfides %K theoretical models %K United States %X Across the New England "arsenic belt," groundwater arsenic (As) concentrations often exceed the EPA's 0.01-mg/L drinking water standard. In overburden groundwater at a site within this belt in north-central Massachusetts, As has been reported at levels up to 7.6 mg/L. Bedrock at the site consists of Silurian Central Maine Terrane metasediments intruded by the Devonian Ayer granodiorite and Chelmsford granite. Exchange of hydrothermal fluids between these lithologies during intrusion and later deformation, faulting, and metamorphism resulted in crystallization of arsenic-bearing minerals, including arsenopyrite. Quaternary deglaciation and unloading dilated joint systems in the bedrock, allowing increased exposure of the mineralogy to meteoric water. Several arsenopyrite alteration products (e.g., scorodite), of varying solubilities, precipitated on fracture surfaces and along grain boundaries between major phases. In the emerging conceptual model for this site, groundwater is recharged in bedrock uplands and moves downgradient through the fracture network, becoming increasingly reducing as it moves along a flow path. Arsenic dissolved from arsenopyrite and arsenic-bearing alteration phases in bedrock remains in solution until the groundwater discharges to lowland areas hydraulically downgradient. In these adjacent lowlands, glacial sand and gravel overburden lies above the bedrock. When the reducing water reaches more oxidizing conditions, As-sorbing hydrous ferric oxides (HFO) precipitate out on the aquifer solids, resulting in accumulation of As in the deep overburden aquifer. A large landfill at this site, now closed and capped, imposed reducing conditions, and As is mobilized into groundwater by reductive dissolution of the HFO. The presence of elevated As in groundwater is consistent with arsenic-bearing phases generated in granitoids at depth during regional metamorphism, which were subsequently altered, and are being solubilized at present by the circulation of shallow groundwater through varying redox environments. This scenario is supported by geochemical and petrographic studies of the granitoids and the occurrence of the highest groundwater and soil arsenic concentrations in the adjacent deep overburden. %B Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %I Geological Society of America (GSA) : Boulder, CO, United States %C United States %V 42 %P 216 - 217 %8 2010/11/01/ %@ 00167592 %G eng %U https://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2010AM/finalprogram/abstract_182430.htm %N 55 %! Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %0 Conference Proceedings %B Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %D 2006 %T Characterizing fractured crystalline bedrock aquifers using hydrostructural domains in the Nashoba Terrane, eastern Massachusetts %A Alex K Manda %A Stephen B Mabee %A David F Boutt %K #StaffPubs %K anisotropy %K aquifers %K BEDROCK %K characterization %K connectivity %K crystalline rocks %K eastern Massachusetts %K fractures %K ground water %K heterogeneity %K hydraulic conductivity %K Hydrogeology 21 %K massachusetts %K Nashoba terrane %K outcrops %K physical properties %K site exploration %K United States %K water wells %X Fractured crystalline bedrock aquifers are good sources of potable water in many parts of the world. However, siting of highly productive wells in these rock units remains a challenging and expensive task because fracture development at the regional scale is both heterogeneous and anisotropic. Using low cost field data to define units of rock that have similar lithologic and fracture characteristics can significantly reduce time and energy spent on determining areas with better than average aquifer productivity. These physical characteristics that impart a particular hydraulic character on rocks are used to delineate regions with similar hydrologic characteristics called hydrostructural domains (Mackie, 2002). Hydrostructural domains are delineated from fracture characterization data that were collected from 79 outcrops located in the Nashoba Terrane of eastern Massachusetts. Information collected and used to delineate the domains include the number and distribution of fracture sets, types of fractures present or absent, the degree of fracture development, fracture intensity/density, fracture connectivity and rock type. Discrete fracture networks are generated from the fracture characterization data to simulate groundwater flow in the region. Conductivity of particular units is evaluated and compared to results from existing pumping tests obtained from the US Geological Survey. Preliminary results indicate that there is great value in utilizing fracture characteristic data obtained from surface outcrops to predict subsurface groundwater flow characteristics of fractured bedrock aquifers. Water managers, developers and decision makers are eager to know which areas are the most promising for encountering highly conductive zones in the subsurface. Collecting extensive structural data from surface outcrops, although not as accurate as drilling wells, is a cheaper alternative that could provide at least a rough estimate of the hydraulic properties of fractured rocks leading to effective siting of new water wells. Hydrostructural domain maps may pinpoint specific areas that have a high potential for wells to encounter highly conductive zones and could therefore be a powerful tool in transferring information from one site to another without having to repeatedly undertake extensive site characterization. %B Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %I Geological Society of America (GSA) : Boulder, CO, United States %C United States %V 38 %P 25 - 25 %8 2006/10/01/ %@ 00167592 %G eng %U https://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2006AM/finalprogram/abstract_113075.htm %N 77 %! Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %0 Conference Proceedings %B Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %D 1998 %T Comparison of lineaments with bedrock structures along a cross-strike transect, eastern Massachusetts %A Curry, Patrick J. %A Williams, Katherine W. %A Stephen B Mabee %A Hardcastle, Kenneth C. %K #StaffPubs %K aerial photography %K BEDROCK %K eastern Massachusetts %K faults %K geophysical surveys %K imagery %K lineaments %K massachusetts %K remote sensing %K SLAR %K Structural geology 16 %K surveys %K tectonics %K United States %X Lineament data derived from three platforms, 1:58,000 color infrared photography (N = 770), 1:80,000 black and white photographs (N = 1106), and 1:250,000 SLAR imagery (N = 521), were used to determine the degree of coincidence between mapped faults and lineaments along a cross strike transect in eastern Massachusetts. The study area extends 27 km in an east-west direction and 8 km north-south and is located along the trace of a tunnel currently being constructed approximately 90 m below grade. Structural data are presently being collected from surface exposures along the tunnel trace and from within the 5 m diameter tunnel bore. These structural data will be compared with lineament data in the future. Reported here are the results of a comparison between the locations of lineaments and the position of major faults mapped on the Bedrock Geologic Map of Massachusetts (1:250,000). Lineaments were first mapped on acetate overlays in two independent trials and compared to determine which lineaments could be reproduced at the same geographic location. Reproducibility results indicate that 21 to 33% of the lineaments can be reproduced at the same spatial position and are comparable to results obtained from other studies. The length of reproducible lineaments proximal to and approximately parallel with mapped faults was compared with the total length of faults (137 km) within the study area. Results show that a small percentage of the faults are coincident with reproducible lineaments. Three percent of the lengths are mapped by reproducible lineaments observed on the SLAR imagery, 7% by the 1:80,000 scale photographs, and 5% by the 1:58,000 color infrared photography. This indicates that 97%, 93%, and 95% of the reproducible lineaments, respectively, are related to other geologic features in the bedrock or nothing at all. %B Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %I Geological Society of America (GSA) : Boulder, CO, United States %C United States %V 30 %P 278 - 278 %8 1998/01/01/ %@ 00167592 %G eng %N 77 %! Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %0 Conference Proceedings %B Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %D 2013 %T Connecticut geothermal map series; tools for exploration and development %A Gagnon, Teresa K. %A Thomas, Margaret A. %A John Michael Rhodes %A Stephen B Mabee %K #StaffPubs %K BEDROCK %K Connecticut %K Economic geology, geology of energy sources 29A %K geothermal energy %K heat flow %K information management %K maps %K technology %K United States %X The CT and MA Geological Surveys are collaborative partners in the National Geothermal Data Project funded by DOE through the Association of American State Geologists. The goal is to develop information to assist in locating State geothermal resources and provide data for better design of EGS systems in bedrock or unconsolidated sediments. The first 2 yrs of the investigation focused on data collection to explore the heat generating potential of CT bedrock and thermal conductivity (TC) properties of CT sediments. Rock chemistry, density, and TC were used to calculate heat production, heat flow, and thermal profiles at depth for >240 samples of 55 bedrock units. Heat production values (hpvs) were determined using concentrations of radiogenic (K, U, Th) and measured sample density. Heat flow values were determined using the calculated hpvs for the samples and hpvs of avg crustal material of New England (Rhodes, personal com., 2012). Thermal profiles at depths up to 6 km were generated using hpv, heat flow, and TC values for each sample. Results indicate that areas with highest heat flow values are in southeastern CT bedrock. 100 sediment samples were collected from 20 units targeted using the Surficial Materials and Quaternary Maps of CT. TC Measurements were made using a Decagon KD2-Pro Meter. Physical profiles of sediment (grain size, sand, silt, clay percent, bulk density, porosity) were created. Current efforts involve synthesis of calculated hpvs with direct heat flow measurements from existing geothermal installations to compile a geothermal resource map series. The series includes heat production, inferred heat flow, TC, and thermal profile maps for bedrock, and a TC map for sediments. These maps will assist geothermal contractors in site plan and system design. Heat production and inferred heat flow maps summarize model results for bedrock units. Thermal profile maps depict models of inferred temperature increases at depth, providing estimates for 3,4,5, and 6 km at specific locations, and provide depths needed to achieve desired temperature for either EGS or larger direct heat applications. TC mapping of sediments depict favorable areas for geothermal installations, and may be used in design of various ground source heat pump systems. All data and mapping is accessible via the National Geothermal Data System. %B Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %I Geological Society of America (GSA) : Boulder, CO, United States %C United States %V 45 %P 50 - 50 %8 2013/02/01/ %@ 00167592 %G eng %U https://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2013NE/webprogram/Paper216450.html %N 11 %! Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %0 Conference Proceedings %B Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %D 2003 %T Converting paper geologic maps to digital products; the search for an effective method %A Stephen B Mabee %A Newton, R. %A Stepanov, A. %A Ene, D. %A Ivanov, D. %K #StaffPubs %K cartography %K data bases %K data processing %K digital cartography %K digital data %K geographic information systems %K geomorphology %K Geomorphology 23 %K government agencies %K information systems %K mapping %K massachusetts %K National Geologic Map Database %K NGMDB %K survey organizations %K United States %X MassGIS and the Office of the Massachusetts State Geologist are working collaboratively with the USGS to vectorize 85, published 7.5-minute surficial geologic maps in order to prepare a statewide coverage of the till-glacial stratified drift boundary. Conversion of old geologic maps from paper copies to new digital products is a complex task requiring an efficient method that minimizes errors and limits the need for heads-up digitizing. The main issue in the conversion is the accurate separation of line work (geologic contacts) on the map from the halftone colors in the polygon fills and achieving this without creating an extensive editing effort in the GIS environment. For this project, we elected to process the scanned and rectified images of the surficial geologic maps in Photoshop and adjust the resulting line work in ArcScan before vectorizing the polygons. Photoshop is an extremely sophisticated, commercial raster image editing software with a very user-friendly interface. Using tools such as the "Magic Wand" (selection of similar pixels with variable threshold control), "Select Color Range" (find all instances of similar colors), "Grow and Contract Selection", "Stroke Selection", and Photoshop "Layers", we are able to create a set of very accurate, noise free boundary lines, before the vectorization process occurs. This methodology is, in effect, "on the fly" editing of the boundary lines, eliminating the large number of errors and artifacts that "automated" vectorizing processes inevitably generate (and which must be tediously edited and/or removed later with vector editing software). Line tracings produced in Photoshop are exported to ArcScan where, using the original raster image as a background, a preview of the proposed vector is adjusted, if needed, using simple editing tools in ArcScan. Once an optimal match is achieved visually, the vectors are generated. The advantage of this approach is that the bulk of the line editing occurs early in the process, prior to vectorization, and can be achieved by moderately trained personnel using "off the shelf" commercial software. This provides greater control of the quality of the finished product because there are no computer generated false lines that need to be found and removed later with a much more complex process. %B Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %I Geological Society of America (GSA) : Boulder, CO, United States %C United States %V 35 %P 276 - 276 %8 2003/11/01/ %@ 00167592 %G eng %U https://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2003AM/finalprogram/abstract_64322.htm %N 66 %! Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %0 Conference Proceedings %B Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %D 2001 %T Correlation of lineaments to ground water inflows in the MWRA tunnel %A Stephen B Mabee %A Curry, Patrick J. %A Hardcastle, Kenneth C. %K #StaffPubs %K black and white %K construction %K correlation %K eastern Massachusetts %K Engineering geology 30 %K experimental studies %K flow rates %K geophysical methods %K ground water %K infrared methods %K lineaments %K mapping %K massachusetts %K metamorphic rocks %K methods %K movement %K photogeology %K radar methods %K remote sensing %K SLAR %K tectonics %K tunnels %K United States %X Lineaments derived from three image types (1:80,000 black and white (BW), 1:58,000 color infrared (CIR), and 1:250,000 side-looking airborne radar (SLAR)) were compared to water-bearing features within a 9.6 km section of tunnel being constructed through foliated crystalline metamorphic bedrock in a glaciated region of eastern Massachusetts. Lineaments drawn by three observers during two independent trials (N = 9137) were reduced to three sets (one per image type) of coincident lineaments (N = 794). Thirty-five coincident lineaments crossed the tunnel. Nineteen discrete flow zones, each producing less than or equal to 19 L/min, were identified in the tunnel and used to quantify the reliability of lineament analysis as a method of predicting water-bearing features in glaciated metamorphic rocks. Thirteen (68%) of the flow zones correlate with coincident lineaments, six zones correlate with more than one image type, and one zone correlates with all three image types. Overall, it is difficult to distinguish lineaments that will be successful in predicting water-bearing zones from those that will be unsuccessful without considering other corroborating evidence. Most of the observed flow (80%) correlates with northwest-trending coincident lineaments. However, the majority of the flow (67%) associated with these lineaments is produced from structures that strike to the north or northeast. In addition, only fifteen of the thirty-five coincident lineaments correlate with the flow zones indicating that twenty lineaments are not associated with any appreciable flow. Six flow zones are undetected by the lineament analysis. In this study, BW lineaments are able distinguish high-yield through-going structures (at the 90% confidence level) with greater reliability than the SLAR or CIR lineaments. However, linking bedrock type, overburden type, topographic position, and proximity to surface water bodies with lineament analysis improves the predictive capability of the lineament method. %B Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %I Geological Society of America (GSA) : Boulder, CO, United States %C United States %V 33 %P 114 - 115 %8 2001/11/01/ %@ 00167592 %G eng %U https://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2001AM/finalprogram/abstract_22810.htm %N 66 %! Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %0 Conference Proceedings %B Proceedings of the National Symposium on Aquifer Restoration and Ground-Water Monitoring %D 1983 %T A cost-effective technique for reconnaissance evaluation of aquifers %A Heeley, Richard W. %A Stephen B Mabee %K #StaffPubs %K aquifers %K case studies %K economics %K evaluation %K Groton %K ground water %K hydrogeology %K Hydrogeology 21 %K Mashpee %K massachusetts %K methods %K monitoring wells %K Newton %K pollution %K pump tests %K specific capacity %K surveys %K transmissivity %K United States %K waste disposal %K water resources %K water supply %K water wells %K wells %K Westford %B Proceedings of the National Symposium on Aquifer Restoration and Ground-Water Monitoring %I National Water Well Association : Worthington, OH, United States %C United States %V 3 %P 213 - 219 %8 1983/01/01/ %@ 07499515 %G eng %U https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=4&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0CDgQFjAD&url=http%3A%2F%2Fuwyo.coalliance.org%2Fislandora%2Fobject%2Fwyu%253A10425%2Fdatastream%2FOBJ%2Fdownload%2FProceedings_Of_The_Third_National_Symposium_On_Aquifer_R %! Proceedings of the National Symposium on Aquifer Restoration and Ground-Water Monitoring %0 Conference Proceedings %B Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %D 2011 %T Deep geothermal potential of New England granitoids; the Fall River Pluton, southeastern Massachusetts %A Goodhue, Nathaniel %A Koteas, G. Christopher %A John Michael Rhodes %A Stephen B Mabee %K #StaffPubs %K depth %K Economic geology, geology of energy sources 29A %K Fall River Pluton %K geochemistry %K geothermal energy %K gneisses %K granites %K Igneous and metamorphic petrology 05A %K igneous rocks %K intrusions %K massachusetts %K metamorphic rocks %K plutonic rocks %K plutons %K southeastern Massachusetts %K United States %X Devonian-aged plutonic rocks that are interpreted to be part of the Fall River pluton, along the southern edge of the Narragansett Basin, appear to have potential as a source of deep geothermal energy. The Narragansett Basin covers a approximately 1500 Km (super 2) area in southern Massachusetts and is dominated by complexly deformed and metamorphosed, Pennsylvanian-aged, fluvial and alluvial deposits. A northeast-striking series of brittle faults and discrete shear zones define the southern margin of the basin. Preliminary modeling of igneous and gneissic fabrics from outcrops along the southern edge of the basin show that the granite dips predominantly north, northeast. This pattern suggests that granitoids along the southern edge of the basin continue beneath the Narragansett Basin and correlate with granitoids exposed to the north. Regional joint sets in the Fall River pluton can be grouped into three dominant clusters at 350 degrees , 90 degrees , and 250 degrees based upon 86 field measurements. Low-angle sheeting joints are also common and suggest interconnected fracture networks at depth. Preliminary geochemistry from the Fall River pluton suggests that feldspars and accessory minerals contain the appropriate concentrations of heat producing elements, primarily U, Th, and K, to be a reasonable geothermal resource. K (sub 2) O values range from 2.4 to 5.0 weight percent. U and Th values (in ppm) range from 0.9 to 6.2 and 2.9 to 30.1 respectively. Assuming a relatively consistent composition at depth, a density of 2.6 kg/m (super 3) , and a thermal conductivity of 2.9 W/m degrees C, initial temperature modeling suggests average temperatures of 81 degrees C at depths of 5 kilometers and 93 degrees C at depths of 6 kilometers. Temperature estimates increase to approximately 150 degrees C and approximately 170 degrees C respectively when a two kilometer thick sediment package is modeled overlying the granitoids. The goal of current and future work is to improve assumptions about compositional uniformity as well as the regional position of granitoids at depth. At the conclusion of this work we hope to develop a protocol for studying geothermal potential of buried granitoids in New England in the absence of reliable drill-hole data. Preliminary estimates from this project suggest that basins underlain by granitoids of compositions similar to that of the Fall River pluton have reasonable potential as a deep geothermal resource. %B Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %I Geological Society of America (GSA) : Boulder, CO, United States %C United States %V 43 %P 63 - 63 %8 2011/03/01/ %@ 00167592 %G eng %U https://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2011NE/finalprogram/abstract_185900.htm %N 11 %! Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %0 Conference Proceedings %B Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %D 2012 %T Deep geothermal resource potential in Connecticut; progress report %A Gagnon, Teresa K. %A Koteas, G. Christopher %A Thomas, Margaret A. %A Stephen B Mabee %A John Michael Rhodes %K #StaffPubs %K Connecticut %K Economic geology, geology of energy sources 29A %K energy sources %K geothermal energy %K geothermal exploration %K geothermal gradient %K granites %K heat flow %K igneous rocks %K New England %K plutonic rocks %K temperature %K thermal conductivity %K United States %X The Connecticut and Massachusetts Geological Surveys are collaborating on a National Geothermal Data Project funded by the US Department of Energy through the Association of American State Geologists.Geothermal resources in Connecticut (CT) to date have been exploited using near surface ground source heat pump technology. This is the first investigation of CT deep geothermal resources. Many CT granitoids contain heat producing elements. The goal is to identify geologic units capable of producing enough heat, at reasonable drilling depths, to operate a viable geothermal power plant. Target rock units must contain enough uranium, thorium and potassium (U/Th/K) in combination with heat generated through the natural geothermal gradient of the Earth to generate electricity and co-produced direct heating. Heat at depth can be concentrated by an overlying insulating layer of sedimentary rocks and glacial sediments. 27 CT bedrock units were selected for sampling using existing mapping. 120 samples were analyzed using X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry. Heat production values (HPVs) at or greater than 4 mu W/m (super 3) were considered to be of interest. Values ranging from 4 to 18 mu W/m (super 3) were calculated for 7 of the 27 rock units. Elevated concentrations of thorium, ranging from 10.5 ppm to 245 ppm, were the primary contributors to increased HPVs. Initial results indicate that the warmest rocks are Permian and Precambrian, which is consistent with earlier results from granitoid bodies underlying the Atlantic Coastal Plain of Virginia (Speer et al., 1979). Additional bedrock samples will be analyzed to further characterize geochemical variations and potential HPVs of target rock units. Direct thermal conductivity measurements are being made of select bedrock samples in addition to sedimentary rocks of the Hartford Basin. Theoretical thermal profiles derived from rock geochemistry will provide an estimate of heat generated at depth for geologic units of interest and assist in determining the potential for an insulating layer overlying heat producing granitoids. Direct thermal conductivity measurements of unconsolidated materials throughout CT are also being made to support the ground-source heat pump industry. All data and mapping will be accessible via the National Geothermal Data System (NGDS). %B Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %I Geological Society of America (GSA) : Boulder, CO, United States %C United States %V 44 %P 77 - 77 %8 2012/02/01/ %@ 00167592 %G eng %U https://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2012NE/finalprogram/abstract_200494.htm %N 22 %! Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %0 Conference Proceedings %B Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %D 2009 %T Dynamic digital maps; an outreach tool for geoscience research, mapping and education in National Park Service administered lands %A Condit, Christopher D. %A Steven A Nathan %A Stephen B Mabee %K #StaffPubs %K cartography %K digital cartography %K digital data %K digital terrain models %K education %K Environmental geology 22 %K government agencies %K land use %K mapping %K national parks %K public lands %K research %K U. S. National Park Service %K United States %X The Dynamic Digital Map of Selected Sedimentary Rocks in Western Massachusetts (DDM-SedRxWMa) is an example of what can be developed for all National Park Administered land. On starting the program, the user chooses the media source: either "Web-Access" (from a server) or "Local Access" (from DVD, flash or disk drive) and immediately sees a "Home Screen". The Home Screen displays the location of five detailed maps and buttons linked to Indexes (lists) of DDM content. Each map contains numbered icons that link that location to a field guide of that site. Camera icons on the detailed maps point in the direction photos were taken; many photos are oblique aerials that place the map features in context. The aerials contain camera icons of ground photos along the field trip route. The maps can be toggled between an orthophoto map or a topographic map, each geo-referenced. Key field guide locations have 360-degree QuickTime panoramics. All images and movies have captions. The DDM-SedRxWMa program is made from the DDM-Template and is capable of displaying text (captions or field guides) at 3 different user-selectable levels. The text might instead be displayed in 3 different languages. The DDM-SedRxWMa, which includes a 7 minute automated guided tour, can be downloaded at http://ddm.geo.umass.edu/ddm-sedrxwma/ The DDM-Template is an open source program that anyone can use to make their own DDM. It and a step-by-step manual (the "Cookbook") are available along with over 20 DDMs at http://ddm.geo.umass.edu). Making a DDM from the Template requires the use of the relatively inexpensive and easy to learn, multi-platform programming environment Runtime Revolution (www.runrev.com). Maps and photos (jpeg files) and movies are stored outside the program, which acts as an organizational framework and index to present it. Text and data are saved within the program and can be imported from html, rtf or txt format files. Map unit labels, sample sites, and graphics, such as camera icons (created in the Template) can be overlain on the maps or images; and provide a link to view the associated data or images. Once the Template has been modified and renamed, a single step creates 3 royalty-free, stand-alone programs, one each for Unix, Windows and Macintosh operating systems. A DDM program matching the user's operating system can be made available online. %B Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %I Geological Society of America (GSA) : Boulder, CO, United States %C United States %V 41 %P 365 - 365 %8 2009/10/01/ %@ 00167592 %G eng %U https://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2009AM/finalprogram/abstract_166833.htm %N 77 %! Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %0 Conference Proceedings %B Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %D 2010 %T Evidence for arsenic-mineralization in granitic basement rocks, Ayer Granodiorite, northeastern Massachusetts %A Koteas, G. Christopher %A Keskula, Anna J. %A Stein, Carol L. %A McTigue, David F. %A Joseph P Kopera %A Brandon, William C. %K #StaffPubs %K acadian %K arsenic %K arsenides %K arsenopyrite %K Ayer Granodiorite %K Berwick formation %K fractured materials %K geochemistry %K granodiorites %K Igneous and metamorphic petrology 05A %K igneous rocks %K lower Paleozoic %K massachusetts %K Merrimack Synclinorium %K metals %K metamorphic rocks %K metamorphism %K metasedimentary rocks %K metasomatism %K Middlesex County Massachusetts %K migration of elements %K mineralization %K Mineralogy of non-silicates 01C %K northeastern Massachusetts %K orogeny %K Paleozoic %K plutonic rocks %K pollutants %K pollution %K pyrite %K sulfides %K United States %X Core samples of the Ayer Granodiorite along the eastern margin of the Merrimack Belt in northeastern Massachusetts host a series of sulfide and oxide phases that resulted from interaction with sulfide-bearing meta-sedimentary host rocks. Euhedral arsenopyrite grains are found with ilmenite, apatite, and REE phosphates in zones that generally mimic the intersection between a gneissic fabric and a relict magmatic foliation. Arsenopyrite crystals are typically elongate with this lineation. Euhedral to subhedral pyrite crystals have also been observed, but are localized to areas without As-bearing phases. Micro-fractures that parallel either a steep NW-striking joint set or gently-dipping sheeting joints are commonly filled with interwoven calcite cements and As-bearing Fe-oxides. Surface coatings of major fracture sets are also characterized by Fe-As-rich rinds that host micron-scale sub-angular particles of quartz, feldspars, and phyllosilicates. Where micro-fractures are most concentrated, sulfide-bearing minerals are less common; however, subhedral to anhedral arsenopyrite grains do occur along some open micro-fractures. These crystals preserve lobate grain boundaries and are associated with As-bearing Fe-oxide-rich coatings along adjacent fractures. The presence of 1) pyrite, 2) arsenopyrite associated with phosphates, and 3) As-bearing fracture coatings suggests multiple stages of mineralization. We propose that intrusion-related fluid-rock interaction associated with heating of nearby sulfide-bearing schists of the Berwick Formation during Acadian orogenesis may have provided the necessary constituents for growth of sulfide phases in the Ayer. It appears that Late Devonian greenschist facies metamorphism and metasomatism led to mineralization that generated arsenopyrite and accompanying phosphates; however, the role of the cross-cutting Clinton Newbury Fault Zone as a conduit for hydrothermal fluids may also be important. Lower temperature As-bearing Fe-oxide and calcite coatings on open fractures surfaces may be associated with a change from lithostatic- to hydrostatic-pressures during post-glacial regional uplift. This mineralization appears to be synchronous with intense microfracturing that post-dates all other mineralization. %B Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %I Geological Society of America (GSA) : Boulder, CO, United States %C United States %V 42 %P 160 - 160 %8 2010/03/01/ %@ 00167592 %G eng %U https://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2010NE/finalprogram/abstract_169998.htm %N 11 %! Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %0 Conference Proceedings %B Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %D 1999 %T Factors influencing groundwater inflows in a newly constructed cross-strike tunnel, eastern Massachusetts; 1, Lineaments and subsurface structures %A Curry, Patrick J. %A Hardcastle, Kenneth C. %A Stephen B Mabee %A Williams, Katherine W. %K #StaffPubs %K BEDROCK %K eastern Massachusetts %K fractures %K geophysical surveys %K ground water %K Hydrogeology 21 %K lineaments %K massachusetts %K metamorphic rocks %K movement %K New England %K remote sensing %K SLAR %K strike %K surveys %K tectonics %K tunnels %K United States %X Lineaments derived from three platforms; 1:250,000 Side-Looking Airborne Radar (SLAR) images, 1:58,000 Color Infrared (CIR) and 1:80,000 Black and White aerial photographs (BW), were compared to water bearing structures (n = 99) within a 9 km, 70 to 90 meter deep, east-west tunnel being constructed in eastern Massachusetts. Lineaments were drawn by three observers during two independent trials to produce 18 sets of lineaments (n = 9137) covering approximately 1,000 km (super 2) centered over the tunnel. All lineaments for each platform were compared. Three or more overlapping lineaments (azimuths within 5 degrees and within 1 mm at the scale of the imagery) define a single coincident lineament. This analysis generated three sets of coincident lineaments (n = 794), of these 37 cross the tunnel. Buffers were placed around the coincident lineaments at a distance of 1 mm from the center of the lineament at the scale of the platform (e.g. 250 m for the SLAR image). The Mann-Whitney U test was used to determine if the median flow from all tunnel structures which underlie the lineament buffer zones is significantly greater than that of all structures outside of the buffer zones. Results indicate that median flow (11,000 l/day) from structures located within the buffer zones of the BW are significantly greater at the 90% confidence level than the median flow (5,500 l/day) of structures located outside the buffer zones. No significant differences in flow were found for the other two platforms. Subsurface structures that parallel coincident lineaments (all platforms) and occur within the buffer zones have higher median flow (10,500 l/day) than those structures outside the buffer zones (6,600 l/day). However, this difference is significant at the 70% confidence level. These results suggest that, in some instances, a thorough lineament analysis can predict water-bearing subsurface structures in poorly exposed, glaciated, metamorphic terrain that has a high degree of suburban development. %B Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %I Geological Society of America (GSA) : Boulder, CO, United States %C United States %V 31 %P 347 - 348 %8 1999/01/01/ %@ 00167592 %G eng %N 77 %! Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %0 Conference Proceedings %B Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %D 1999 %T Factors influencing groundwater inflows in a newly constructed cross-strike tunnel, eastern Massachusetts; 3, Surface vs. subsurface fracture characteristics %A Stephen B Mabee %A Williams, Katherine W. %A Curry, Patrick J. %A Hardcastle, Kenneth C. %K #StaffPubs %K BEDROCK %K controls %K eastern Massachusetts %K factors %K fractures %K ground water %K Hydrogeology 21 %K massachusetts %K measurement %K movement %K New England %K outcrops %K spatial distribution %K tunnels %K United States %X Major fracture sets (dip >45 degrees ), their geographic distributions (domains), and their characteristics (spacing, trace length, and planarity) were measured in surface outcrops and in a 9 km section of the tunnel (Curry et al., this volume) to determine how well fracture data collected at widely-spaced surface exposures can be extrapolated to a depth of 70 to 90 meters. For the surface fracture data set, fracture sets and domains were determined from 1513 measurements collected at 21 outcrops located within 3 km of the trace of the tunnel. Spacing, trace length, and planarity were determined from scanline measurements (n = 899). For the tunnel data set, 413 fracture measurements were made to determine major sets and domains and a smaller subset (n = 156) was used to estimate fracture characteristics.Five fracture sets (14, 38, 86, 117, and 171) were identified in the outcrops and seven sets (13, 29, 41, 62, 132, 159, and 175) in the tunnel. The 14 and 171 sets correspond well with the 13 and 175 sets in the tunnel. The 38 set observed at the surface includes parts of the 29 and 41 sets in the tunnel. The 86 set does occur in the tunnel but is undersampled because it is aligned with the tunnel. The 62 and 159 sets occur in the tunnel but are not seen at the surface. Although large areas are devoid of outcrops, comparison of surface and subsurface fracture domains indicates that only the 14 and 171 sets show a reasonable overlap with the 13 and 175 domains in the tunnel. These latter sets are the fractures generating most of the groundwater inflow into the tunnel. Median fracture spacing and trace lengths for the 13 and 175 sets in the tunnel are significantly wider and longer than the corresponding 14 and 171 sets at the surface. Fracture planarities showed no significant differences between any of the surface and subsurface fracture sets. %B Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %I Geological Society of America (GSA) : Boulder, CO, United States %C United States %V 31 %P 348 - 348 %8 1999/01/01/ %@ 00167592 %G eng %N 77 %! Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %0 Conference Proceedings %B Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %D 1999 %T Factors influencing groundwater inflows in a newly constructed cross-strike tunnel, eastern Massachusetts; 5, Geochemical interpretation of groundwater inflows %A Weaver, Rebecca A. %A Stephen B Mabee %A Williams, Katherine W. %A Curry, Patrick J. %K #StaffPubs %K anions %K BEDROCK %K cations %K classification %K discharge %K eastern Massachusetts %K fault zones %K faults %K geochemistry %K ground water %K hydraulic conductivity %K hydrochemistry %K Hydrogeology 21 %K Isotope geochemistry 02D %K isotope ratios %K isotopes %K massachusetts %K movement %K New England %K nitrate ion %K O-18/O-16 %K oxygen %K samples %K stable isotopes %K surface water %K tunnels %K United States %X Samples of ground and surface waters in and above the tunnel (Curry et al., this volume) were collected to characterize the chemistry of groundwater discharging from fractures and faults. Forty-two water samples were collected: 32 along a transect of the tunnel and 10 from surface waters above the trace of the tunnel. All samples were analyzed for major anions and cations, and delta (super 18) O. Analysis of the anion/cation data indicated that these waters are dominated by sulfate+chloride and calcium+magnesium. However, five sub-classifications can be discerned based on the relative concentrations of ions in the samples. The five sub-classifications are Cl > HCO (sub 3) > SO (sub 4) > NO (sub 3) :Ca > Na+K > Mg (15 samples), Cl > HCO (sub 3) > SO (sub 4) > NO (sub 3) :Na+K > Ca > Mg (7 samples), Cl > HCO (sub 3) > SO (sub 4) > NO (sub 3) :Ca > Mg > Na+K (6 samples), Cl > SO (sub 4) > HCO (sub 3) > NO (sub 3) :Na+K > Ca > Mg (3 samples), and HCO (sub 3) > Cl > SO (sub 4) > NO (sub 3) :Ca > Na+K > Mg (2 samples). Results from statistical analyses indicate that alkalinity, calcium, sodium and potassium do vary as a function of bedrock type and that these differences are significant at the 95% confidence level.In addition, preliminary oxygen isotope data indicate that two large, discrete water producing fault zones located in the eastern part of the tunnel are isotopically enriched (average delta (super 18) O = -7.75) relative to other water producing features in the tunnel (average delta (super 18) O = -8.96). The delta (super 18) O values obtained from all surface water bodies located above the tunnel average -7.56 whereas those values in surface ponds immediately above the fault zones average -6.71. Nitrate levels also show elevated levels in two water producing fault zones (>10 mg/L for some samples) and may result from accidental contamination during sampling, the use of explosives at discrete locations in the tunnel, or from leaking septic systems. The results of the oxygen isotope and nitrate analyses also suggest that some of the fault zones in the tunnel may have a rapid and direct hydraulic connection to the surface. %B Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %I Geological Society of America (GSA) : Boulder, CO, United States %C United States %V 31 %P 348 - 348 %8 1999/01/01/ %@ 00167592 %G eng %N 77 %! Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %0 Conference Proceedings %B Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %D 1999 %T Factors influencing groundwater inflows in a newly constructed cross-strike tunnel, eastern Massachusetts; 2, Fracture-supported coincident lineaments and subsurface structures %A Hardcastle, Kenneth C. %A Curry, Patrick J. %A Williams, Katherine W. %A Stephen B Mabee %K #StaffPubs %K BEDROCK %K controls %K eastern Massachusetts %K factors %K fractures %K ground water %K Hydrogeology 21 %K imagery %K lineaments %K massachusetts %K movement %K New England %K outcrops %K Structural geology 16 %K tectonics %K tunnels %K United States %X As part of the evaluation of the ability of lineaments to map subsurface structures, the coincident lineaments which intersect the tunnel (Curry et al., this volume), were evaluated to isolate those lineaments considered to be "fracture-supported". By definition, fracture-supported coincident lineaments are those which parallel nearby surface fracture sets, mapped faults, lithologic contacts, and/or primary ductile structures; features which may be influential to subsurface groundwater flow. Of the 37 coincident lineaments delineated on the three scales of imagery studied, approximately 70% are considered to be fracture-supported: 9 of the 13 on the 1:58,000 scale images, 10 of 14 on the 1:80,000, and 8 of 10 on the 1:250,000. However, the general lack of surface exposure precludes high confidence in the assignment of fracture-supported status to most lineaments. Large areas devoid of outcrops necessitated extrapolation of regional, surface fracture patterns (domains) to help define some fracture-supported coincident lineaments. There are two occurrences where fracture-supported coincident lineaments from all three scales overlap and are parallel. One occurrence successfully maps the zone of greatest fracture density and highest groundwater inflow (>560 l/min). The other occurrence maps an area of high fracture density and significant subsurface flow (95 l/min). In addition, one other high flow zone (>190 l/min) is mapped by a fracture-supported coincident lineament from the 1:80,000 scale imagery. However, many subsurface fractures and flow zones (<75 l/min) are not mapped by the coincident lineaments regardless of whether or not they are fracture-supported. When considering all fracture-supported coincident lineaments and parallel subsurface structures, the median flow (13,600 l/day) for the mapped structures is greater than the unmapped structures (6,800 liters/day). However, this difference is only significant at the 60% confidence level.Although the tunnel sections with the greatest fracture density and highest groundwater inflows are successfully mapped by fracture supported coincident lineaments, not all water-bearing zones are delineated. %B Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %I Geological Society of America (GSA) : Boulder, CO, United States %C United States %V 31 %P 348 - 348 %8 1999/01/01/ %@ 00167592 %G eng %N 77 %! Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %0 Conference Proceedings %B Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %D 1999 %T Factors influencing groundwater inflows in a newly constructed cross-strike tunnel, eastern Massachusetts; 4, Occurrence and characterization of groundwater inflows %A Williams, Katherine W. %A Stephen B Mabee %A Hardcastle, Kenneth C. %A Curry, Patrick J. %K #StaffPubs %K BEDROCK %K boreholes %K characterization %K design %K discharge %K eastern Massachusetts %K flows %K fractures %K Framingham Quadrangle %K ground water %K Hydrogeology 21 %K massachusetts %K movement %K Natik Quadrangle %K occurrence %K outcrops %K surface water %K topography %K tunnels %K United States %X All occurrences of groundwater inflows in a 9 km long, 5-m diameter section of tunnel, 70 to 90 m below grade, were compared with subsurface fracture density, bedrock topography, surface topography, type of surficial deposits, proximity to surface water bodies, and the geographic distribution (domains; Mabee et al., this volume) of surface and subsurface fractures. Subsurface fracture density was calculated for the 320 fractures (through-going fractures) that intersect the entire circumference of the tunnel. Bedrock topography was determined using bore hole data collected during the design phase of the tunnel project. Surface topography is from 1:25,000 scale topographic maps and surficial geology is based on maps of the Framingham and Natick Quadrangles. Seven surface water bodies, primarily brooks and rivers, overlie the tunnel. Five surface fracture domains are based on 1513 fracture measurements collected from 21 outcrops within 3 km of the tunnel. In the tunnel, 413 fractures (all fractures, dips>45 degrees ) comprise seven subsurface fracture domains. High groundwater inflows generally correlate with areas of high subsurface fracture density and where four or more subsurface fracture domains overlap. In addition, high groundwater inflows are also generally located near surface water bodies and below permeable surficial deposits and topographic depressions, especially those with corresponding lows in the bedrock surface. Moreover, subsurface structures which correlate with prominent surface fracture domains produce the highest volume of groundwater inflow. However, not all tunnel sections exhibiting high fracture density and overlapping fracture domains exhibit high groundwater inflows. Also, there is no correlation between areas where two or more surface fracture domains overlap and the volume of groundwater discharging to the tunnel. %B Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %I Geological Society of America (GSA) : Boulder, CO, United States %C United States %V 31 %P 348 - 348 %8 1999/01/01/ %@ 00167592 %G eng %N 77 %! Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %0 Conference Proceedings %B AGU Fall Conference, 2005 %D 2005 %T Field mapping and fracture characterization techniques predict groundwater preferential flow paths in fractured bedrock aquifers, Nashoba Terrane, MA %A Alex K Manda %A Stephen B Mabee %A Hubbs, S. A. %K #StaffPubs %K aquifers %K BEDROCK %K characterization %K fractured materials %K fractures %K ground water %K Hydrogeology 21 %K mapping %K massachusetts %K Middlesex County Massachusetts %K movement %K Nashoba terrane %K patterns %K preferential flow %K recharge %K reservoir properties %K substrates %K United States %X A study examining the relationship between fracture characteristics and groundwater was undertaken in the crystalline Nashoba Terrane of eastern Massachusetts. The Nashoba Terrane, a fault-bounded, highly deformed sliver of Paleozoic igneous and metamorphic rocks, covers an area of 600 sq km about 50 km northwest of Boston. Increasing industrial development coupled with population growth place significant pressure on developers to provide sufficient potable water for the population. To aid water development and management, this study examined fracture characteristics at regional, quadrangle and wellfield scales. The regional-scale work involved recording over 4000 structural measurements from 80 outcrops in the terrane. Fracture information recorded at each data station included strike and dip, trace length, spacing, termination, and fracture type. Preliminary results show that hydrostructural domains can be defined from combinations of fracture characterization and rock types. These domains are used to conceptualize general groundwater flow patterns in the subsurface: steeply dipping fractures, such as partings parallel to foliation enhance recharge potential and impose strong flow anisotropy. A different character is observed if steeply dipping joints intersect sheeting joints. In this instance, both recharge and lateral flow will be enhanced and flow anisotropy will be reduced. The distribution and intensity of particular fracture sets varies as a function of rock type, proximity to major features and local stress states. Partings parallel to foliation are prevalent in gneissic rocks whereas sheeting joints are more common in igneous rocks. Common joints are the most prevalent fractures, present in all rock types across the entire terrane. Quadrangle and wellfield scale data can be used to validate the regional-scale conceptual models. A comprehensive well-yield database was created to test the proposed models. Over 500 water wells in the terrane were evaluated to determine regions with high and low yield. The findings were evaluated in terms of location with respect to newly defined hydrostructural domain maps at both regional and quadrangle scales. Application of these hydrostructural domains in field studies can be useful not only in characterizing fracture intensity and distribution, but can shed more light on the potential of intersecting subsurface zones that could be exploited for economic gain. %B AGU Fall Conference, 2005 %7 Special supplement %I American Geophysical Union : Washington, DC, United States %C United States %V 86 %P 1477 %8 2005/12/01/ %@ 00963941 %G eng %N 52, Suppl.52, Suppl. %! Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union %0 Conference Proceedings %B Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %D 2010 %T Foraminifera ecology on the continental shelf, Merrimack Embayment, Gulf of Maine, New England %A Steven A Nathan %A Leckie, R. Mark %A Stephen B Mabee %K #StaffPubs %K applications %K Atlantic Ocean %K benthic taxa %K Cenozoic %K cluster analysis %K deltaic environment %K Economic geology, geology of nonmetal deposits 28A %K Foraminifera %K gravel deposits %K Gulf of Maine %K Invertebrata %K Maine %K marine environment %K marine sediments %K massachusetts %K Merrimack River valley %K microfossils %K mining %K North Atlantic %K paleoecology %K paleogeography %K Pleistocene %K Protista %K Quaternary %K Quaternary geology 24 %K sand deposits %K sea-level changes %K sediments %K shelf environment %K species diversity %K statistical analysis %K United States %K upper Pleistocene %X During the late Pleistocene the Merrimack River paleodelta formed as post-glacial rebound produced a local low stand in sea level. Drowned as sea level rose, the paleodelta is now being reworked by a variety of processes. This study uses benthic foraminifera as a biotic and environmental proxy to study the sand and gravel resources of the paleodelta. Nineteen sediment samples were collected from the paleodelta along two east-west transects east of the Merrimack River. From these samples nearly 6000 benthic foraminifera, representing 62 species, were collected and identified. Although dissolution compromised the preservation of calcite tests within six samples, the resulting data is robust and allows for numerous conclusions to be drawn. Specifically, benthic foraminifera become more common distally and specific species inhabit specific areas of the paleodelta. Distribution patterns of some species have changed significantly since the late 1940s, with some species migrating landward, others, seaward. Distributions of some taxa differ significantly between the two transects, both in the present day and from the past. These differences may point to the influence of, and changes in, the Merrimack River outflow upon water column nutrient delivery, productivity and food availability over the past 60 years. Species diversity and evenness peak at the delta break, coincident with low species dominance at 50 meters water depth. Q-mode cluster analyses show three distinct assemblages, "shallow" (< or =30 meters water depth), "deep" (> or =40 meters), and "delta edge" (50 meters). There is no apparent correlation between foraminiferal distributions and deltaic bedforms, and in turn, sediment type. This implies that foraminiferal distributions are controlled by other environmental variables such as food. In summary, benthic foraminiferal assemblage analyses complement geophysical techniques. Benthic foraminifera can also help assess the marine impact of, e.g., mining sediment resources, watershed development, pollution, rising sea level, and increased fishing. %B Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %I Geological Society of America (GSA) : Boulder, CO, United States %C United States %V 42 %P 82 - 82 %8 2010/03/01/ %@ 00167592 %G eng %U https://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2010NE/finalprogram/abstract_170108.htm %N 11 %! Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %0 Conference Proceedings %B Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %D 2005 %T Fracture characterization maps; a new type of geologic map for hydrogeologic applications %A Stephen B Mabee %A Joseph P Kopera %K #StaffPubs %K applications %K aquifers %K BEDROCK %K characterization %K classification %K crystalline rocks %K exploration %K fractures %K ground water %K hydrodynamics %K Hydrogeology 21 %K mapping %K movement %K overburden %K permeability %K potentiometric surface %K spatial distribution %K surficial aquifers %K thickness %K water wells %K water yield %X Integration of a wide array of structural data with well-field hydrologic testing is increasingly recognized as a critical step in understanding groundwater flow behavior and recharge in crystalline bedrock aquifers (Lyford et al., 2003, Walsh and Lyford, 2002). As part of its rejuvenated mapping program, The Massachusetts Office of the State Geologist has been producing fracture characterization maps as a value-added accompaniment to traditional 1:24:000-scale bedrock mapping. Fracture characterization maps reclassify bedrock into domains of varying hydrologic significance, by combining rock properties (foliation steepness and development, partings, sheeting development, etc...) and type of overburden (permeable vs. non-permeable). The goal of these maps is to better understand preferential flow directions in the bedrock and the potential hydraulic connections between surficial and bedrock aquifers. Each fracture characterization map contains several summary panels, including standard geologic map bases overlain by typical rose diagrams and stereonets displaying fracture domains and trajectories, sheeting distribution, foliation trajectories, bedrock elevations, generalized piezometric surface configuration, and overburden type and thickness with separations into permeability class. A GIS well database is also included, showing well distribution, yield, bedrock elevation, and "hot-linked" well log images. All maps and raw data are made available to the public in paper, digital (PDF) or GIS format. We believe this approach will provide hydrologists and consultants with basic framework data that will expedite and improve the planning of subsurface investigations, construction activities, and groundwater exploration. %B Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %I Geological Society of America (GSA) : Boulder, CO, United States %C United States %V 37 %P 145 - 145 %8 2005/10/01/ %@ 00167592 %G eng %U https://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2005AM/finalprogram/abstract_94576.htm %N 77 %! Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %0 Conference Proceedings %B Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %D 2004 %T Fracture characterization of crystalline bedrock for groundwater investigations; an example from the Marlborough Quadrangle, Massachusetts %A Scott A Salamoff %A Stephen B Mabee %A Joseph P Kopera %A Donald U Wise %K #StaffPubs %K aquifers %K Assabet River Fault %K BEDROCK %K characterization %K controls %K crystalline rocks %K fractured materials %K fractures %K geographic information systems %K ground water %K Hydrogeology 21 %K hydrology %K information systems %K joints %K Marlborough Quadrangle %K massachusetts %K Middlesex County Massachusetts %K permeability %K preferential flow %K recharge %K style %K testing %K theoretical models %K United States %X Integration of a wide array of structural data with well-field hydrologic testing is increasingly recognized as a critical step in understanding groundwater flow behavior and recharge in crystalline bedrock aquifers (Lyford et al., 2003, Walsh and Lyford, 2002). The Marlborough Quadrangle, about 40 km west of Boston, was selected as a test case of how a state geological survey can most effectively and efficiently collect and present such data in order to better constrain conceptual models of groundwater flow in general and to be of maximum use for hydrologists and consultants working on specific local problems. In this study, 3200 structural measurements were taken by a two-person team over a nine-week period at 68 stations distributed throughout the quadrangle and keyed into a GIS database. Specialized data sheets allowed efficient recording and digitization of orientations, lengths, spacing and mineralization, and separation of various classes of joints and veins. Fault data also included motion direction and sense. Summary maps in GIS format include standard geologic map bases overlain by typical rose diagrams and stereograms and maps such as fracture domains and trajectories, sheeting distribution, foliation trajectories, bedrock elevations, generalized piezometric surface configuration, and overburden type and thickness with separations into permeability class. Geology of the quadrangle can be separated into three zones: (a) north of the Assabet River Fault (ARF), (b) the area between the ARF and 1.5 km-wide Bloody Bluff Fault Zone (BBFZ), and (c) south of the BBFZ. Generalized foliations in the zones are: (a) 215, 50N, (b) 240, 65N, and (c) 270, 45N. Two pervasive, steeply-dipping (>60 degrees ) fracture sets occur throughout the quadrangle: an older 150 degrees set that includes sulfide-bearing veins and fracture surfaces along the ARF and a 015 degrees set of largely unmineralized common joints, macrojoints (>3 m length) and joint zones (av. 1.2 m width). Sheeting and unloading joints are generally coincident with shallow dipping foliation in (c) but cross-cut foliation in (a) and (b). We believe this approach will provide hydrologists and consultants with basic framework data that will expedite and improve the planning of subsurface investigations, construction activities and groundwater exploration. %B Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %I Geological Society of America (GSA) : Boulder, CO, United States %C United States %V 36 %P 113 - 113 %8 2004/03/01/ %@ 00167592 %G eng %U https://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2004NE/finalprogram/abstract_70321.htm %N 22 %! Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %0 Conference Proceedings %B Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %D 1996 %T Fracture characterization; valuable inputs for modeling groundwater flow in fractured bedrock %A Stephen B Mabee %A Hardcastle, Kenneth C. %K #StaffPubs %K BEDROCK %K boreholes %K California %K discontinuities %K experimental studies %K field studies %K fractured materials %K fractures %K ground water %K Hydrogeology 21 %K Madera County California %K models %K movement %K observation wells %K Raymond California %K site exploration %K spatial distribution %K transmissivity %K United States %K wells %B Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %I Geological Society of America (GSA) : Boulder, CO, United States %C United States %V 28 %P 77 - 77 %8 1996/02/01/ %@ 00167592 %G eng %N 33 %! Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %0 Conference Proceedings %B Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %D 2006 %T Fracture patterns across two terrane boundaries in eastern Massachusetts; implications for regional groundwater flow and recharge %A Stephen B Mabee %A Joseph P Kopera %K #StaffPubs %K Avalon Zone %K BEDROCK %K eastern Massachusetts %K faults %K foliation %K fractures %K ground water %K Hydrogeology 21 %K joints %K massachusetts %K Merrimack Belt %K movement %K observations %K patterns %K properties %K recharge %K shear zones %K style %K terranes %K United States %X The integration of structural data and field-based observations is becoming increasingly critical in understanding groundwater flow behavior and recharge potential. Over the past 3 years, the Office of the Massachusetts State Geologist (OMSG) has collected 8225 fracture measurements from 187 stations across 3 adjacent quadrangles as part of its bedrock geologic mapping program. These data provide a north-south transect across the Nashoba Terrane and its boundaries with the Merrimack Belt and Avalon Terranes in eastern Massachusetts. Areas with similar fracture patterns can be grouped into "hydrostructural domains" with distinct hydrogeologic properties. Within the above transect, hydrostructural domains were observed to closely correspond with bedrock lithology and ductile structure, and therefore, tectonic history. Such domains are commonly bounded by faults or intrusive contacts. Common features observed across all domains include a NE-striking regional foliation with corresponding NW-striking, steeply-dipping cross-joints. Strongly layered metasedimentary and metavolcanic rocks of the Merrimack Belt and the Marlborough Formation in the Nashoba Terrane tend to have the most pervasive and closely-spaced foliation-parallel fractures (FPF). Foliation intensity and FPF generally increases towards shear zones and regional fault systems, especially within granites and gneisses. The moderate to steeply dipping, well-developed FPF in these rocks provides a potentially excellent conduit for vertical recharge and a strong NE-trending regional anistropy that may control groundwater flow. Granitoidal rocks have very consistent NS-EW orthogonal networks of vertical fractures and subhorizontal sheeting joints, providing excellent potential for vertical recharge and near-surface lateral flow. Features such as small brittle faults, fracture zones, fold axes, and fracture sets distinct to each domain may dominate local groundwater flow and recharge. Abstract 116563 modified by 72.70.224.253 on 7-12-2006 %B Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %I Geological Society of America (GSA) : Boulder, CO, United States %C United States %V 38 %P 434 - 434 %8 2006/10/01/ %@ 00167592 %G eng %U https://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2006AM/finalprogram/abstract_116563.htm %N 77 %! Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %0 Conference Proceedings %B Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %D 2012 %T Granite as a geothermal resource in the Northeast %A John Michael Rhodes %A Koteas, G. Christopher %A Stephen B Mabee %K #StaffPubs %K Cammenallis Pluton %K Cornwall England %K Eastern U.S. %K Economic geology, geology of energy sources 29A %K energy sources %K England %K Europe %K geothermal energy %K geothermal exploration %K granites %K Great Britain %K heat flow %K hydrothermal conditions %K igneous rocks %K intrusions %K Northeastern U.S. %K plutonic rocks %K plutons %K thermal conductivity %K United Kingdom %K United States %K Western Europe %X In the absence of volcano-derived hydrothermal activity and high heat flow, granitic plutons provide an alternative geothermal resource from which heat may be usefully extracted. Compared with other crustal rocks, granites contain higher concentrations of the heat producing elements (K, U, Th). Additionally, they are more homogeneous and have simpler fracture systems than surrounding country rock, allowing for stimulation through hydro-fracking of large (>1 km (super 3) ) geothermal reservoirs. However, not all granites are created equal! Those with heat production > 5 mu W/m (super 3) , or with deep batholithic roots, are the most promising. Estimated temperatures at a given depth are related to the heat production, thickness and thermal conductivity of the granite. For example, the Carnmenellis Pluton in Cornwall, England (which will be drilled in 2012) is estimated to have temperatures in excess of 170 degrees C at a depth of 5 km, which is sufficient for co-production of electricity and hot water for heating. More importantly, granite bodies that are buried beneath thick sequences of thermally insulating sediments are also potential geothermal targets. Most successful examples to date include the Soultz sur Foret project in France, with temperatures of 200 degrees C at a depth of 5 km. (and which is currently producing electricity), Innamincka, Australia, with temperatures of 250 degrees C at a depth of 4 km. (which will be producing in 2012), and the seismically ill-fated project in Basel, Switzerland. Surely, if such projects involving the geothermal potential of granites, can succeed elsewhere, they can succeed here in the granite-rich Northeast? The geothermal potential of the Conway Granite, NH has long been recognized. Other possibilities include the Fitchburg Pluton, MA, and granites buried beneath the Carboniferous sediments of the Narragansett Basin and the Triassic sediments of the Connecticut River valley. %B Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %I Geological Society of America (GSA) : Boulder, CO, United States %C United States %V 44 %P 76 - 76 %8 2012/02/01/ %@ 00167592 %G eng %U https://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2012NE/finalprogram/abstract_200603.htm %N 22 %! Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %0 Conference Proceedings %B Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %D 1989 %T Ground truth? Relationship between lineaments and bedrock fabric %A Stephen B Mabee %A Hardcastle, Kenneth C. %A Donald U Wise %K #StaffPubs %K aerial photography %K BEDROCK %K fabric %K faults %K fractures %K granites %K ground truth %K igneous rocks %K joints %K lineaments %K Maine %K orientation %K pegmatite %K plutonic rocks %K quartz veins %K SLAR %K structural analysis %K Structural geology %K Structural geology 16 %K United States %K veins %B Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %I Geological Society of America (GSA) : Boulder, CO, United States %C United States %V 21 %P A68 - A68 %8 1989/01/01/ %@ 00167592 %G eng %N 66 %! Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %0 Conference Proceedings %B Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %D 2011 %T Identifying and examining potential geothermal resources in non-traditional regions, examples from the northeastern U.S. %A Koteas, G. Christopher %A John Michael Rhodes %A Stephen B Mabee %A Goodhue, Nathaniel %A Adams, Sharon A. %K #StaffPubs %K Andover Granite %K Eastern U.S. %K Economic geology, geology of energy sources 29A %K exploitation %K exploration %K Fall River Granite %K field studies %K geochemistry %K geothermal energy %K identification %K mapping %K massachusetts %K models %K Northeastern U.S. %K overburden %K resources %K sampling %K southeastern Massachusetts %K spectra %K structural analysis %K technology %K temperature %K United States %K whole rock %K X-ray fluorescence spectra %X The search for geothermal resources is rapidly expanding into tectonic regions that have not been previously considered to be suitable for exploitation. Many of these regions, such as the northeastern U.S., have never been the site of extensive geophysical investigations and have few deep borehole temperature measurements. Nevertheless, large portions of the northeastern U.S. are underlain by granitic bedrock that may be a productive energy source by applying enhanced geothermal technologies. In the absence of traditional reconnaissance data, we utilize field studies and sampling together with geochemical analysis to develop models of geothermal resources that can be tested against data from deep boreholes. Heat production is calculated from the measured density of the samples, the concentrations of K, U, and Th from whole-rock geochemical analysis via X-ray fluorescence, and established radiogenic heat production values. Models for a particular area can then be generated by calculating depth-specific temperatures using heat production, measured thermal conductivity for each sample, and assumptions related to local stratigraphy and regional heat flow. Mapping and structural extrapolation are used to establish the subsurface characteristics at a study site and are combined with the thermal and chemical characteristics of contact rocks and overburden materials. Two examples of the application of this technique are the Fall River granite at the margin of the Narragansett Basin in southeastern Massachusetts and the Andover Granite in northeastern Massachusetts. Thermal models of the Fall River Pluton indicate average temperatures of 71 degrees C at depths of 4 km and 97 degrees C at 6 km. Average temperatures increase to 107 degrees C and 132 degrees C, respectively, when a 2 km thick sediment package is modeled overlying the granite. The Andover Granite, which is not associated with a sedimentary basin and is in a more structurally complex configuration, yields an average temperature of 74 degrees C at a depth of 4 km and 101 degrees C at 6 km. While this approach to modeling temperature-depth profiles requires some regional heat flow assumptions, the application of mapping and structural analysis with geochemistry and thermal conductivity studies can be an important reconnaissance tool for identifying non-traditional geothermal resources. %B Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %I Geological Society of America (GSA) : Boulder, CO, United States %C United States %V 43 %P 40 - 40 %8 2011/10/01/ %@ 00167592 %G eng %N 55 %! Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %0 Conference Proceedings %B Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %D 2012 %T Implications for non-traditional geothermal resources in southern New England; variability in heat potential based on thermal conductivity and geochemistry studies %A Koteas, G. Christopher %A John Michael Rhodes %A Stephen B Mabee %A Ryan, Amy %A Schmidt, Joe %A League, Corey %A Goodhue, Nathaniel %A Adams, Sharon A. %A Gagnon, Teresa K. %A Thomas, Margaret A. %K #StaffPubs %K chemical composition %K Connecticut %K Economic geology, geology of energy sources 29A %K energy sources %K geothermal energy %K geothermal exploration %K granites %K heat flow %K igneous rocks %K massachusetts %K models %K New England %K plutonic rocks %K thermal conductivity %K United States %X Estimating geothermal potential in southern New England in the absence of borehole heat flow data or geophysical studies has led to a focus on models based on thermal conductivity, geochemistry, and density-based heat production models. Preliminary estimates of geothermal potential generally match borehole-based heat flow data from similar tectonic environments. Nevertheless, microstructural and compositional heterogeneity with depth remain largely unconstrained. The extrapolation of regional structures based on detailed field mapping has helped to improve structural projections adjacent to major basins. However, an additional source of error in models of heat potential-with-depth are thermal conductivity estimates of igneous and meta-igneous rocks throughout Massachusetts (MA) and Connecticut (CT). Over three hundred granitoid localities in MA and CT have been analyzed to date. The southern New England region can be simplified into four major litho-tectonic zones: the Taconic-Berkshire Zone of western MA and northwestern CT, The Bronson Hill Zone associated with the CT River valley, the Nashoba Zone of central MA and eastern CT, and the Milford-Dedham Zone of eastern MA and eastern CT. Granitic rocks adjacent to the CT River valley and the Narragansett Basin vary considerably in thermal conductivity. Granites adjacent to the Narragansett Basin vary from 2.9 to 3.7 W/m * K. Average thermal conductivity values, combined with modeled heat production values, produce temperatures at 3 km depth along the Narragansett Basin that approach 85-115 degrees C. Values of meta-igneous rocks from the margin of the CT River valley in MA and CT vary more considerably in thermal conductivity, from 1.8 to 3.9W/m * K. Modeled heat potentials at 3 km depths along the eastern margin of the CT River valley vary between 74-122 degrees C and appear to be largely related to compositional variation. However, local rock composition is also related to metamorphic grade and fabric development, suggesting that both fabric and composition are first order controls on thermal conductivity. Modeling based on these data set to date suggests that combining thermal conductivity, whole rock geochemistry data, and density measurements can produce accurate reconnaissance estimates of geothermal potential in southern New England. %B Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %I Geological Society of America (GSA) : Boulder, CO, United States %C United States %V 44 %P 76 - 77 %8 2012/02/01/ %@ 00167592 %G eng %U https://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2012NE/finalprogram/abstract_200837.htm %N 22 %! Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %0 Conference Proceedings %B Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %D 2006 %T Implications of diurnal river fluctuations on mass transport in a valley-fill aquifer %A Brandon J Fleming %A David F Boutt %A Stephen B Mabee %K #StaffPubs %K aquifers %K BEDROCK %K clastic sediments %K controls %K diffusion %K diurnal variations %K drainage %K drift %K Eastern U.S. %K Environmental geology 22 %K floods %K fluctuations %K geochemical cycle %K geologic hazards %K ground water %K measurement %K mixing %K models %K Northeastern U.S. %K numerical models %K nutrients %K pollution %K processes %K pumping %K quantitative analysis %K residence time %K sediments %K shallow aquifers %K surface water %K three-dimensional models %K tracers %K transport %K United States %K valleys %K water pollution %K water resources %K water wells %X Aquifers located in isolated stratified drift deposits in the northeastern portion of the US are extremely fragile and important groundwater resources. These aquifers, when restricted to bedrock valleys, are often strongly coupled to significant surface water drainage systems. In northwestern Massachusetts, surface water associated with the Deerfield River watershed is highly regulated by dams to protect against flooding and to generate hydroelectric power. Regular releases of water from these dams cause diurnal fluctuations in river stage. In a previous study performed by the USGS, measurements from two clusters of wells show a significant response to river stage fluctuations in the aquifer. Fluctuations in river stage and resulting changes in head levels in the aquifer cause a switch from a losing to a gaining stream. The flow reversals have implications for mass transport and nutrient cycling within the hyporheic zone. In this paper we investigate the physical hydrologic controls on mass transport in the shallow aquifer. Using a coupled groundwater flow and transport code, we built a quasi three dimensional transient numerical model to approximate the head changes in the aquifer caused by the stage fluctuations in the river. Flow velocities and residence times were estimated in the aquifer for a variety of flow conditions. The mixing process driven by the aquifer head changes were quantified in the proximity of the hyporheic zone and shown to significantly influence both vertical and horizontal flow velocities in a region close to the stream-aquifer boundary. The diurnal river stage changes also appear to influence farfield hydrologic conditions and potentially hydrologically isolate the river and hyporheic zone. To further investigate these mixing processes we applied a mass transport code with conservative tracers to the aquifer. Fluctuation of the river stage combined with the heterogeneous nature of the aquifer creates a pumping mechanism that creates excess mixing within shallow portions of the aquifer. Aquifer dispersivity and molecular diffusion both contribute to the anomalous mixing modeled in the shallow aquifer. Mixing driven by stream stage changes has important implications for nutrient cycling as well as contaminant transport in the shallow aquifer. %B Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %I Geological Society of America (GSA) : Boulder, CO, United States %C United States %V 38 %P 468 - 468 %8 2006/10/01/ %@ 00167592 %G eng %U https://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2006AM/finalprogram/abstract_115285.htm %N 77 %! Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %0 Conference Proceedings %B Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs %D 2013 %T Improving seismic hazard assessment in New England through the use of surficial geologic maps and expert analysis %A Becker, Laurence R. %A Patriarco, Steven P. %A Marvinney, Robert G. %A Thomas, Margaret A. %A Stephen B Mabee %A Fratto, Edward S. %K #StaffPubs %K earthquakes %K Environmental geology %K geologic hazards %K maps %K natural hazards %K New England %K risk assessment %K seismic risk %K seismic zoning %K surficial geology %K surficial geology maps %K technology %K United States %X In New England, earthquakes pose a risk to the built environment. New England state geological surveys partnered with the Northeast States Emergency Consortium to integrate geologic information and GIS analysis for risk communication. Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, and Vermont employed surficial geologic maps, deglaciation history, glacial stratigraphy, and professional judgment to reclassify surficial geologic materials into one of the five National Earthquake Hazard Reduction Program (NEHRP) site classifications (A, B, C, D, and E). These new classifications were used in the HAZards U.S. Multi-Hazard (HAZUS-MH) risk assessment application as a substitute for site class value of "D," used in HAZUS-MH throughout New England as a default value. Coding of surficial geologic materials for the five NEHRP site classifications was then compared with classifications using the Wald methodology, a method using slope analysis as a proxy for shear-wave velocity estimates. Comparisons show that coding to site classes using the Wald methodology underestimates categories A (high-velocity shear-wave materials, least relative hazard) and E (lowest-velocity shear-wave materials, greatest relative hazard) when evaluated side by side with coding done with the aid of surficial geologic maps. Geologic maps provide insights into the location of buried low shear wave velocity materials not afforded by the Wald methodology. North of the glacial limit, derangement of drainage resulted in extensive ponding of meltwaters and the subsequent deposition of thick sequences of lacustrine mud. Inundation by the sea immediately following deglaciation in New England resulted in the deposition of spatially extensive and locally thick sequences of glacial marine mud. Surficial geologic maps better capture these circumstances when compared with the Wald methodology. Without the use of surficial geologic maps, significant areas of New England will be incorrectly classified as being more stable than actual site conditions would allow. By employing surficial geologic information, HAZUS-MH earthquake loss estimates are improved, providing local and regional emergency managers with more accurate information for locating and prioritizing.

%B Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs %I Geological Society of America (GSA) : Boulder, CO, United States %C United States %V 45 %P 50 - 51 %8 2013/02/01/ %@ 00167592 %G eng %U https://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2013NE/webprogram/Paper214837.html %N 11 %! Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %0 Conference Proceedings %B Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %D 2013 %T Landslides from Tropical Storm Irene in the Deerfield Watershed, western Massachusetts %A Stephen B Mabee %A Jonathan D Woodruff %A Fellows, John %A Joseph P Kopera %K #Landslides %K #NaturalHazards %K #StaffPubs %K Cold River %K Deerfield Watershed %K effects %K Environmental geology %K geologic hazards %K Irene %K landslide %K landslides %K mass movements %K massachusetts %K natural hazards %K storms %K Tropical Storm Irene %K United States %K western Massachusetts %X Four landslides (3 translational debris flows and 1 rotational slide) occurred along the Cold River within the Deerfield River watershed (1440 km (super 2) ) in northwestern Massachusetts closing a six mile section of Route 2, a major east-west transportation corridor, for 3.5 months. These are among the largest landslides to occur in Massachusetts since 1901. Tropical storm Irene dropped 180-250+ mm of rain in a 12 to 15-hour period on the Deerfield watershed preceded by 130-180 mm of rain in the 1.5 weeks leading up to Irene. Soils were saturated, an unusual condition for the month of August, and probably contributed significantly to slope failure. The three translational slides occurred at approximately 10 am on August 28, 2011, involved 765 m of slope at an average angle of 28-33 degrees , covered an area of 1.2 ha and moved about 7645 m (super 3) of material. Bedrock sheeting joints oriented parallel to the slope (284 degrees , 38-40 degrees dip) provided the slip surface upon which the overlying 0.6-1.2 m of colluvium and glacial till slid. The rotational slide occurred along an unarmored section of the Cold River. The slip surface was a 4-8 foot thick layer of laminated lake-bottom sediments overlain by 12-19 feet of stream terrace and debris flow/alluvial fan deposits transported by Trout Brook, a smaller tributary to the Cold River. This section of Route 2 has experienced chronic failures beginning with the storm of 1938. The cost to repair this six-mile section of Route 2 was $22.5 million. Flooding within the Deerfield watershed was extreme with a record-breaking peak flow of 3100 m (super 3) /s (72 year record) where the Deerfield enters the Connecticut River. Approximately 1.6x10 (super 8) m (super 3) of water was discharged through the Deerfield during the event indicating that approximately 112 mm of Irene's rainfall was converted directly to runoff, a yield of between 45% and 62%. Clays and silts locked in storage in the glacial sediments within the watershed were mobilized resulting in record-breaking sediment loads 5-times greater than predicted from the pre-existing rating curve. Approximately 1.2 Mtonnes of sediment was discharged by the river during Irene. Where the Deerfield and Connecticut Rivers meet, the Deerfield watershed area is one tenth the size of the Connecticut River, yet the Deerfield produced as much as 40% of the total sediment observed on the lower Connecticut. %B Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %I Geological Society of America (GSA) : Boulder, CO, United States %C United States %V 45 %P 83 - 84 %8 2013/02/01/ %@ 00167592 %G eng %U https://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2013NE/webprogram/Paper215998.html %N 11 %! Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %0 Conference Proceedings %B Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %D 1993 %T Lineaments; their value in assessing regional groundwater availability and quality in bedrock aquifers of glaciated metamorphic terrains; a case study %A Stephen B Mabee %K #StaffPubs %K amphibolite %K aquifers %K Atlantic Coastal Plain %K BEDROCK %K central Maine %K fractures %K Georgetown Maine %K ground water %K hydraulic conductivity %K hydrogeology %K lineaments %K Maine %K metamorphic rocks %K structural controls %K United States %K water quality %B Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %I Geological Society of America (GSA) : Boulder, CO, United States %C United States %V 25 %P 35 - 35 %8 1993/03/01/ %@ 00167592 %G eng %N 22 %! Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %0 Conference Proceedings %B Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %D 2006 %T A new way of looking at, and mapping, bedrock; the hydrostructural domain map of the Ayer Quadrangle, northeastern Massachusetts %A Joseph P Kopera %A Stephen B Mabee %K #StaffPubs %K aquifers %K Ayer Quadrangle %K BEDROCK %K faults %K foliation %K fracture zones %K fractures %K ground water %K Hydrogeology 21 %K joints %K mapping %K massachusetts %K measurement %K Merrimack Belt %K movement %K Nashoba terrane %K northeastern Massachusetts %K observations %K orientation %K physical properties %K recharge %K shear zones %K Structural geology 16 %K style %K United States %X While traditional bedrock geologic maps contain valuable information, they commonly lack data on fractures and physical properties of the rock. The increased need for better understanding of groundwater behavior in bedrock aquifers has made this data critical. Hydrostructural domain maps reclassify bedrock based on fracture systems and physical properties that may have implications for groundwater flow and recharge. These maps are constructed from detailed field observations and measurements of 2000-3000 fractures from 60-70 stations across a 7.5' quadrangle. Hydrostructural domains are displayed on the map as traditional lithologic units would be, with detailed descriptions and photos of the fracture characteristics and physical properties of each hydrostructural "unit". In the Ayer Quadrangle, such domains closely correspond with bedrock lithology and ductile structural history. Steeply dipping metasedimentary rocks of the Merrimack Belt have pervasive, closely spaced, throughgoing fractures developed parallel to foliation, and therefore provide an excellent potential for vertical recharge. Where these rocks are intensely cut by a strong subhorizontal cleavage, a parallel fracture set dominates providing an opportunity for lateral flow. Massive granites generally have a well developed, widely-spaced orthogonal network of fracture zones which may provide excellent local recharge. High-grade gneisses of the Nashoba Terrane have poorly developed fracture sets except near regional shear zones, where foliation parallel fractures and cross-joints may provide good vertical recharge and provide a strong northeast trending flow anisotropy. These maps are intended to provide a regional-scale information to assist in site-specific groundwater investigations. We believe that such maps are an example of how new types of geologic maps can, and must, be developed to address changing societal needs. %B Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %I Geological Society of America (GSA) : Boulder, CO, United States %C United States %V 38 %P 166 - 166 %8 2006/10/01/ %@ 00167592 %G eng %U https://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2006AM/finalprogram/abstract_116561.htm %N 77 %! Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %0 Conference Proceedings %B Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %D 2013 %T A structural framework for the Nashoba Terrane in eastern Massachusetts. %A Joseph P Kopera %A Matthew A Massey %K #StaffPubs %K Cambrian %K eastern Massachusetts %K exhumation %K fabric %K fault zones %K faults %K foliation %K massachusetts %K metamorphism %K Nashoba terrane %K Ordovician %K Paleozoic %K Structural geology %K tectonics %K United States %X The exhumation and tectonic significance of the migmatitic Cambro-Ordovician arc-complex of the Nashoba terrane, located between lower-grade rocks of the Avalon and Merrimack terranes in Massachusetts, has historically presented an enigma, in part, due to a lack of detailed analysis of internal structure. We propose a new terrane-scale structural model based on nearly a decade of detailed geologic mapping to provide a framework for future study. A subvertical NE-striking composite fabric (S (sub n/n-1) ) forms the dominant structural grain of the terrane. S (sub n) commonly deforms an older layer-parallel foliation (S (sub n-1) ) about meter- to kilometer-scale, upright to steeply inclined, NE- and SW-plunging, tight disharmonic folds (F (sub n) ). In the Nashoba Formation migmatites, S (sub n) commonly transposes a subhorizontal S (sub n-1) enveloping surface into spaced meter-scale subvertical shear bands that are absent in the dominantly metavolcanic Marlborough Formation. Fold axis-parallel mineral stretching and intersection lineations (L (sub n) ) are locally overprinted on S (sub n) by subhorizontal peak metamorphic to retrograde mineral lineations (L (sub n/n+1) ). Ambiguous D (sub n) kinematics in the NE transition SW along strike to top-to-NW normal fold vergence and drag along steep north-dipping S (sub n) axial planes and S (sub n) - S (sub n+1) shear bands. Later strain (S (sub n+1) - S (sub n+2) ) appears to be progressively partitioned at lower grade to pre-existing S (sub n) shear bands and discrete internal and terrane bounding fault zones which display early high-grade top-to-SE dextral or sinistral motion (S (sub n-1) - S (sub n) ) broadly overprinted by lower-grade top-NW movement (S (sub n+1) ). We propose a tentative tectonic history incorporating sparse existing geochronologic and petrologic studies: Top SW D (sub n-1) motion coeval with approximately 425 Ma sill-grade metamorphism and possible accretion. D (sub n) initiating syn approximately 395 Ma peak metamorphism with migmatite generation along S (sub n) and progressive bulk fabric development largely complete by the intrusion of the relatively undeformed approximately 349 Ma Indian Head Hill granite. Exhumation can be accommodated by well-documented syn-to-post D (sub n) regional sinistral motion combined with progressively lower grade top-NW extension along discrete structures continuing through deposition and deformation of presumed Carboniferous basin sediments along the terrane boundary. %B Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %V 45 %P 107 %G eng %U https://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2013NE/webprogram/Paper215867.html %0 Conference Proceedings %B Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %D 2015 %T Subtle modification of glacially derived materials along Massachusetts’ southern coast by passing summer storms %A Nicholas L Venti %A Sabina Gessay %A Paul Southard %A Douglass Beach %A Margot Mansfield %A Stephen B Mabee %A Jonathan D Woodruff %K #StaffPubs %K Barges Beach %K beach %K beach erosion %K beach profile %K BOEM %K Buzzard's Bay %K climate change %K coast %K coastal %K cobble %K Cuttyhunk Island %K dune %K East beach %K Edgartown %K erosion %K Falmouth %K grain-size %K Horseneck beach %K intertidal %K Low beach %K Martha's Vineyard %K Miacomet beach %K Nantucket %K nourishment %K Oak Bluffs %K offshore %K onshore %K Plum Island %K profiles %K sand %K sea level rise %K storm %K Surf Beach %K Sylvia State beaches %K Town beach %K Westport %K winter storm %X Engineered resupply of sand to coastal environments, i.e. nourishment, offers an attractive short-term strategy to address beach erosion in Massachusetts. For efficient nourishment, site-specific knowledge of seasonal grain size and sediment volume variability at eroding beaches is essential. We have begun measuring grain size and profile at 22 eroding Massachusetts beaches, capturing summer and winter conditions at each site through four to nine representative transects perpendicular to the shore and spaced 100-500 meters apart. Our recently completed first summer field season (August/September 2014) visited eight beaches along Massachusetts’ south coast from Rhode Island to Nantucket. These environments should reflect regional glacial history and a summer interval of reduced storm activity. Where unstratified surficial materials characterize the coast, erosion of glacial till (Horseneck and East beaches, Westport) and end moraine (Barges Beach, Cuttyhunk Island; Town and Sylvia State beaches, Oak Bluffs/Edgartown) can yield cobble berms capping steep intertidal zones. We noted that increased wave activity during storms strips a thin (inches-thick) layer of intertidal sand to reveal gravel and cobble below, while leaving beach profile essentially unchanged. In contrast, where (cobble-free) glacial outwash intersects the coast (Surf Beach, Falmouth; Miacomet and Low beaches, Nantucket) sand and gravel are distributed more evenly across beach facies. Here passing summer storms modify beach profile but not grain size: high surf cuts sandy berms, shifting steepened intertidal zones landward. We will reoccupy south coast sites at the end of winter in 2015 to examine effects of seasonally related increase in storm (and wave) activity. Survey of Massachusetts’ east coast (Sandwich to New Hampshire) is planned for summer of 2015 and winter of 2016. Additionally, overwash sequences recovered through backbarrier basin coring at selected sites complement our beach survey by providing depositional records of particularly strong storms. Study results will allow identification of suitably matched nourishment sources onshore, or offshore, as described in Massachusetts’ Office of Coastal Zone Management’s extensive grain-size database. %B Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %7 3 %I Geological Society of America (GSA) : Boulder, CO, United States %C Northeastern Section - 50th Annual Meeting (23–25 March 2015), Bretton Woods, NH %V 47 %P 136 %G eng %U https://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2015NE/webprogram/Paper252510.html %0 Conference Proceedings %B Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %D 2004 %T An update of geologic mapping in Massachusetts %A Joseph P Kopera %A Stephen B Mabee %A Scott A Salamoff %A Hildreth, Carol %K #StaffPubs %K data %K data acquisition %K data processing %K digital data %K Geologic maps 14 %K mapping %K massachusetts %K National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program %K programs %K publications %K regional %K review %K STATEMAP %K United States %X Despite the state's relatively high population density and decades of detailed study of the bedrock geology, only about half of the 7.5' quadrangles in Massachusetts have been published as GQ series geologic maps. As the state's population continues to grow, the availability of basic geologic data becomes increasingly crucial for informed land-use and water-management decision making. Much of the published 1:24000 scale geologic mapping predates recent advances in the understanding of regional tectonics, and needs to be updated. The Office of the State Geologist has begun a geologic mapping program in Massachusetts to address these needs. Two mapping projects were conducted through the STATEMAP component of the National Cooperative Geologic Mapping program in 2003. These projects focused on 7.5' quadrangles along the I-495 corridor, which is experiencing extensive population growth and development. The first project involved conversion of published 1:24,000-scale surficial geology to digital form for 10 quadrangles in southeastern Massachusetts. A semi-automated process was developed for this project that easily converts published paper geologic maps into vectorized, georeferenced datalayers. The second project involved 1:24000-scale geologic mapping of the Marlborough quadrangle in east-central Massachusetts. Products include traditional maps of bedrock and surficial geology as well as two new prototype products: a fracture characterization map and a surficial materials map. These projects mark the first time in Massachusetts' history that quadrangle-scale geologic data will be available in digital form to consultants and stakeholders, thus greatly expediting and improving the use and analysis of all geologic data. In addition, the inclusion of fracture characterization and surficial materials maps adds substantially to the value of traditional geologic map products. The new maps provide supplemental data on the hydrologic characteristics of the bedrock and the vertical stacking of surficial deposits that previously was unavailable. STATEMAP projects in 2004 will continue to focus along the I-495 corridor, and will involve revision and new mapping in the Wilmington, Reading, South Groveland, Lawrence, Hudson, and Oxford quadrangles. %B Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %I Geological Society of America (GSA) : Boulder, CO, United States %C United States %V 36 %P 58 - 58 %8 2004/03/01/ %@ 00167592 %G eng %N 22 %! Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America %0 Online Database %D 2007 %T Brittle Structure Database of the Gloucester and Rockport quadrangles, Massachusetts %A Stephen B Mabee %K #FractureMaps %K #MGSPub %K Cape Anne %K Cape Anne granite %K Essex %K fault %K fracture %K Gloucester %K Ipswich %K joint %K Manchester %K Rockport %K ⃔ %B Open-File Report %7 OFR-07-02 %I Massachusetts Geological Survey %G eng %0 Online Database %D 2009 %T Brittle Structure Database of the Wilmington quadrangle, Massachusetts %A Stephen B Mabee %K #FractureMaps %K #MGSPub %K Andover %K Bedford %K Billerica %K Burlington %K fault %K fracture %K fracture trace %K groundwater %K hydrostructural domains %K joint %K North Reading %K Reading %K Tewksbury %K Wilmington %K Woburn %X

Email sbmabee @geo.umass.edu

%B Open-File Report %7 OFR-09-03 %I Massachusetts Geological Survey %G eng %0 Online Database %D 2013 %T The Massachusetts Geothermal Data Project %A John Michael Rhodes %A Koteas, G. Christopher %A Stephen B Mabee %A Ryan, Amy %A Isaacson, M. %K #Geothermal %K #MGSPubs %K #Reports %K #Subsurface %K Andover Granite %K aqueous geochemistry %K Cape Anne granite %K ECS %K enhanced geothermal systems %K Fitchburg granite %K geothermal %K granite geochemistry %K granites %K heat flow %K hot dry rock %K hot springs %K thermal %K thermal conductivity %K thermal transmissivity %K whole rock geochemistry %K XRF %X A series of geothermal maps and datasets for Massachusetts derived from data collected by the MGS for Massachusetts and Connecticut. These data include whole rock geochemistry, rock and soil thermal conductivity, hot spring aqueous geochemistry, and derivative thermal and heatflow modeling. The project includes multiple datasets and products which can be accessed here or via the National Geothermal Data System (http://search.geothermaldata.org/dataset?q=Massachusetts). These datasets and products are: Maps: Comprising MGS Miscellaneous Maps 13-01 through 13-08 Data: can be downloaded from the links below